66 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
From Minerva to Magnolia and Mineral Point, there is not only 
no difficulty in following, but there is no possibility of losing, these two 
companion seams as they stretch along the sides of the valley. The 
upper one has been worked or at least opened for every mile, not to say 
on every farm, in the interval. The lower one is frequently opened 
and worked, and it is everywhere true to its place, from 25 to 40 feet 
below the upper seam. It is still a ““Clay Vein.” It covers through- 
out the valley a heavy deposit of clay which assumes a phase of unusual 
purity and excellence about Magnolia and Mineral Point, where it has 
long been worked in the large way. 
At 60 feet below the lower seam, the well-known Gray or Putnam 
Hill limestone is found in the lower portion of the valley. It has been 
traced by borings and by shafts eastward as far as Waynesburgh, where © 
it les from 20 to 30 feet below the bed of the stream. This limestone 
covers a coal seam which has the best right to be counted Coal No. 4 of 
all the separate seams which bear this designation. 
The two seams already described as lying above it, are New- 
berry’s coals No.5 and No. 6 of the Tuscarawas Valley series, but 
they are just as certainly the Middle and Lower Kittanning coals of the 
Pennsylvania scale, or No. 3 and No. 4 of the Yellow Creek section, 
which we have just left behind us. 
The strata lie very nearly level throughout the Sandy valley, or in 
other words, the valley extends in the direction of the line of strike, but 
there is a light dip to the south and east throughout this region gener- 
ally. The elevations above Lake Erie of the Middle Kittanning (No. 
6 of Newberry’s Tuscarawas series) through the valley are as follows: 
Feet. 
Somerville’s mine, Rochester Station, DOring ..............s.sessseceseeeees- 462 
Minervatand Pekin ii. Sites ceccusecdccwdetescinies guess ieee teeter strmecc sects 469 
ONEICA Hess sie he socssivae ste woieeslete a ebaee vas meds Seem cplbae sire tenme eee etaaec emt oeemeciates A50 
Mialivie rine oriecncicss sss che sesceatiout secs soustouct estonia sdesn seaidunsteoeee suse atianes ceenes 440 
Wiss DUNO icecosnescceceaciearise see emcee shank er ceenieesosuten Comoe ees meaateoenmans 448 
HMO. WOES LOAION 7 WWTP cccoguqdsibosdcs 0o0G06060000000 06000 dooeabbadEcse00 80000 482 
Four miles below Magnolia, east of tunnel............... .2seeees vee lkees 476 
At the last station the following section is found: 
Above L. E. Kit. In. 
Shale. - 
476’ Coal—‘‘ Upper Vein,” Middle Kittanning, mined (No. 6 
OL ING Wie) eccuersecd ence onccssecn ane socn ceucedecsh senceemecenaee 3 
Fire-clay.......... Brags ob IdcOn0er5e0000 Nba cde0O HeCOcTaEHE Hop 000H00 460580000 3 
