70 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
also higher in sulphur as a rule, and generally higher also in ash. The 
Middle Kittanning coal is always a harder and stronger coal than the 
Upper Freeport. It is largely used as a domestic coal, whereas, the 
Upper Freeport is almost exclusively a steam coal. 
It will be remembered that in the dividing ridge near Rochester, 
between the waters of the Middle Fork of Little Beaver and the Big 
Sandy Fork of the Tuscarawas, the elevation of the Upper Freeport 
coal is between 570 and 600 feet above L. E. The coal terminates at 
this point for a number of miles along the railroad from lack of ground 
high enough to hold it, but as the dip is very light through all this 
region, as shown in the elevations already quoted of the Middle Kittan- 
ning coal, we ought to count upon finding the Freeport horizon again 
on the north side of the Sandy Valley. Newberry reports it at Moultrie, 
6 miles north of Rochester, and also at New Chambersburg and New 
Franklin on either side. At Moultrie, it is 75 feet above the railroad, 
or about 600 feet above L. HE. (vol. ILI, p. 104). At New Chambers- 
burg, it is 629 feet above Lake Erie, according to Whittlesey. Its 
limestone accompanies it here. 
This shows the continuity of the horizon, but we need not go so 
far to reach it. It bounds the Sandy Valley from Bayard to Magnolia 
on both sides. It is especially conspicuous throughout Paris, Brown 
and Ross townships. The horizon can be followed, in fact, from this 
point to the Ohio river in unmistakable distinctness. Throughout Tus- 
carawas county, there is not an element in the scale better known than 
the Upper Freeport coal, though under another name. 
A few sections taken in Paris and Brown townships will be given 
to bring out these facts in proper light. In Paris.township we can 
avail ourselves of the levels of the Connotton Valley Railroad to some - 
extent. 
The Kittanning coals, Lower and Middle, are both shown at Osna- 
burg (Nos. 5 and 6 of the Tuscarawas series). The Middle Kittanning 
coal has been long and extensively worked here. Its elevation above 
L. E. is 618 feet, and the Lower Kittanning coal is but 15 to 18 feet 
below it. The Putnam Hill limestone comes in at its proper horizon 
- one mile to the northward, and the Ferriferous limestone is represented 
30 feet above it, by a calcareous sandstone. Following the railroad to 
the southward, the Osnaburg coal is easily traced by frequent mines to 
Robertsville, Paris township, where also the Lower Kittanning coalis 
