STRATIGRAPHICAL ORDER. 17 
To make this apparent, the series will be traced from Zoar Station 
up the valley of the Connotton to the field now under consideration. 
The Connotton, like all streams that flow against the general trend 
of the drainage, has but little fall. A dam of serviceable height for 
milling purposes, anywhere in its lower courses, sets the water back for 
‘several miles. Given the elevation of the stream at any point, it is easy 
to trace its rise or fall by means of these long pools. 
At Zoar Station, Coal No. 3 of Newberry, the Lower Mercer, is at 
the level of the stream, and the Kittanning coals are approximately 130 
and 175 feet above it. The elevations of the same seams above Lake 
Erie would be as follows: 
Middle Kittanning or Pike Run Coal ..... .20......seeceecec ees ceo seeees A75 feet. 
Lower Kittanning or Mineral Point Coal ................0. sees ceveee 430 “ 
Lower Mercer or Blue Limestone Coal ............-.000+ seecerceseeee ees 3800 “ 
At New Cumberland, the upper of these seams is largely worked 
on the farms of Thomas Scott and others. As to the identification of 
the coal there is no question. It holds the same relation to the black- 
band horizon, which becomes the main guide in this region. The Scott 
coal is about 60 feet above the valley of the Connotton, or about 380 
feet above Lake Erie. This shows its dip to be about 15 feet to the 
mile in a southeastward direction, which is altogether normal. The 
~ Mineral Point coal is followed with it up the valley, being opened at 
numerous points. The last mine that deserves the name is found near 
the mouth of the Indian Fork of Connotton, on the farm of John Tate, 
section 22, Warren township. The entry is 15 feet above the valley of 
Indian Fork, which is here at about the level of the Connotton. The 
Pike Run coal (Middle Kittanning) occurs 30 feet above it, but it is 
thin. The interval between the coals is filled, as usual, with shales con- 
taining many nodules of carbonate of iron, dark-blue and fine grained. 
The massive balls of fossiliferous limestone that are found at the Pike 
Run mines above the coal, and which are very characteristic, appear 
also at the same horizon here. 
At Moughimon’s Mills, in the valley of Connotton, a mile above 
the last named point, the Mineral Point coal has come down to the 
level of the stream. It has been opened here and worked in a very 
small way. The coal is 2 feet thick, hard, bright and excellent. The 
shales above it are in all respects characteristic. At 32 feet above the 
