102 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
The intervals are seen to be nearly normal, viz., 117 feet from 
Middle Kittanning coal to Upper Freeport, and 95 feet from latter to 
Cambridge limestone. The section was taken in two parts, the upper 
portion coming from the Whitlock farm, where the, Cambridge lime- 
stone directly overlies the Whitlock ore, and the lower portion being 
taken from the coal mine opened in the universally known Middle 
Kittanning seam, on the farm of R. Moore, section 8, Bearfield, and 
thence up the township road 4 mile to the eastward. 
Returning to the line of the railroad once more, we find at New 
Lexington a section almost, if not quite, as widely known as the Zanes- 
ville section already given. The Kittanning coals are styled here the 
Upper and Lower New Lexington coals. Both are well developed, and 
both have long been worked. They are separated by an interval of 20 
to 30 feet. The Putnam Hill limestone is very conspicuous at New 
Lexington as a limestone and flint horizon. It is shown in the valley 
on the northeast side of the town at the level of the railroad. 
At 12 to 15 feet above it, a quite persistent coal seam is found. It 
is seldom morc than 16 inches in thickness. It holds the place of the 
Clarion (Lower) coal, and if numbers are to be provided for all the 
regular seams on the basis of the system that is now in use, this should 
be called No. 4a, a designation that it has already received to a limited 
extent. 
Within 3 miles of New Lexington the so-called Baird ore is mined 
quite extensively on many farms. The place is 15 to 30 feet above the 
Putnam Hill limestone, but the latter element, after having been found 
persistent through a half-dozen counties, is verging to its extinction. 
From New Lexington southward it can be followed indeed, but no 
longer by a bold outcrop, but only by occasional exposures which would 
be ambiguous in themselves, and which require to be supported by other 
and better known elements. In other words, the Putnam Hill lime- 
stone has now exhausted its capacity of service as a guide, and needs to 
be interpreted when found, like the obscurer elements that have hereto- 
fore leaned upon it. 
But the series is not weakened by its diminution or disappearance, 
for the Ferriferous limestone horizon has been again restored, as a 
steady and easily recognizable element, and from this point to the Ohio 
river it is a dominant feature in every sub-division of the field. 
In volume III, Geology of Ohio, p. 924 et al., it was demonstrated 
