STRATIGRAPHICAL ORDER. 111 
the Nelsonville coal. The interval between the Nelsonville coal and the 
Cambridge limestone in the Hocking Valley is generally about 180 feet, 
but all intervals expand to the southward, and the measure above given 
is quite in keeping with the general facts, on the theory that the Car- 
bondale and Nelsonville coals are the same. 
The facts of the dip are in accord with the view that the Carbon- 
dale seam isthe Middle Kittanning. At Carbondale the coal is 193 feet 
at one entry and 200 feet at another above Lake Erie. The coal at 
Mineral city has fallen to 138 feet above the same base. In passing 
westward the strata rise slowly, the coal being 202 feet at Moonville 
and 248 feet at Hope Station. The Nelsonville seam would agree well 
with all these elevations. 
By those who refuse to accept the Carbondale as the the continua- 
tion of the Nelsonville seam, the former is generally counted as No. 6a 
of the Hocking Valley series, a seam that is found 30 to 40 feet higher 
than the Nelsonville coal. It is the Lower Freeport coal of the general 
scale. This seam begins to be workable in this district about New Lex- 
ington, where it is known as the Black coal. At Moxahala it is the 
Fowler coal. In the vicinity of Buchtel it is often found 3 feet thick 
and of fair quality. It is here about as far above the Nelsonville coal 
as the Lower Kittanning coal is below that seam, and like the latter it 
is so overshadowed by the great seam that little account is taken of it. 
In passing from Floodwood to Carbondale, after crossing the divide 
between Floodwood Creek and Hewitt’s branch of Raccoon Creek, this 
seam is found opened in a number of country coal banks. The first of 
them is in Fraction XIX, York township, on the farm of Thomas 
Juniper. The coal seam is here 2 ft. 8 in. thick, and consists of two 
benches, the lower one being 12 inches thick and the upper 16 inches. 
The parting is shale and 2 inches thick. The roof is dark but not black 
shale. About the place and name of this coal, there is no dispute. A 
shaft was sunk { of a mile from this point by George W. Gill, of Co- 
lumbus, to the main coal, which is said to have been found 26 feet be- 
low the Juniper coal, and 6 ft, 11 in. thick. 
The Juniper coal can be traced down the valley of Hewitt’s Fork, 
as all agree. It has been opened on every farm. The last entry upon 
this seam on this side of Carbondale is in section 30, Waterloo town- 
ship, on the land of Henry Frank, where it is again found with a single 
shale parting in the middle of the seam. The two benches are here 
