STRATIGRAPHICAL ORDER. 113 
opening of the same seam on the opposite side of the creek on the 
Nanny farm. The Cambridge limestone is here 146 feet above the coal, 
while at Juniper’s the limestone is 160 feet above the coal. These are 
both proper intervals for this region, but in section 29 (northwest quar- 
ter); Waterloo township, one mile south of this point, another fine 
exposure of the Cambridge limestone is found directly above a mine of 
the Carbondale coal. The interval is 210 feet, the same interval as at 
Brewer’s cut. These measurements settle the question conclusively. 
The Carbondale and the Juniper coals cannot be the same seams. 
The section at the last-named point is a valuable one. It shows 
the Mahoning sandstone in great force, and also the Lower Freeport 
sandstone in strong development. It is as follows: 
Feet 
Cambridge limestone ...... perenne RS RD EDR AURIS ON ANS Oe or Shines Q 
himbenvalkconceal Cd becuse ceaticcces sce ccse conscecscissscadencccsesionascousaseeseesessct 58 
IMallromin SAN GStOMe, MIAGSIVClsio.c css. cs cede sosesscscscsctecoeeseseesecsascs vessenes 54 
hintenvalecOnceal edinemaatctccttsecsncwccccscacacscictincsddeasteseseste cstecssesessers 55 
Lower Freeport sandstone, MASSIVE ...-.......seccecccesscssccececcccscceece coos 35 
SIT QUGS Herter c tae coe iclasasersad onactnctas tot ciacecehcceicle seorslved susseeeccswhdectewaesarectes 6 
CALEDON ale COA eee sests actos ces ees Se oko etaaceeseeessieensssumnwerdesescdelececs 4 
The Upper Freeport coal is found at Carbondale 80 to 90 feet 
above the Carbondale seam. 
The structure of the Carbondale coal is equally conclusive. It is 
a 3-bench coal throughout all of the extensive workings at Carbondale, 
and throughout all the district with which it is directly connected. The 
structure is uniform and regular to a high degree. It is as follows: 
Inches. 
“‘ Nigger-head’’—Black shale, with fossil wood......... Have sacsiages eestor na. 12 
Coal= inferior quality ics. c.ctcsccescee ccost sl cactacceseve dee odtss Pose hace eri W4 
Clay gpantin Cree ranewsccecdsseeWoapeisccsscecet sasesetseces sac RUOGOOOCOHOR LEE DE COR SCARE 4 
Cale erste ccoesecsc'ssocowssecutes EE Sh ROGAN GS SSNS TPN ase ue OV AAU Nee 28 
Slatepmantm Ore csccseencsscc seh ccc esas ceetoesswes Pas ece eee scncwc Sec acus sis costecs 1 
Ca R ree erect nc ore sscsisecesns asreteess weseriocnesceccseescecscasseceseseeesensce 8 
53 
This is the Nelsonville coal with the upper and lower benches reduced , 
The most characteristic feature of that seam is the 28-inch second bench. 
The Carbondale coal cannot become in half a mile the two-bench coa] 
of Frank’s and Juniper’s banks without a great anomaly. The Lower 
8 G. 
