THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 185 
The coal seams of the county belong mainly to the Lower Coal 
Measures, and are as follows: 
Brush Creek coal.—Salineville Strip Vein, No. 7. 
(40 to 50 feet interval.) Mahoning sandstone, lower division. 
Upper Freeport coal.—Big Vein of Salineville, Teegarden coal, Rochester coal, 
(40 to 65 feet interval.) State Line coal, Coal No. 6. 
Lower Freeport coal.—Roger seam, Whan coal, Coal No. 5. 
(15 to 65 feet interval.) 
Middle Kittanning coal—Hammondsville Strip Vein, Block Vein of Ohio Valley, 
Dry Run Vein, Darlington 
(18 to 30 feet interval.) | cannel, sometimes No. 5, 
sometimes No. 4, No. 6 of 
Tuscarawas county. 
Lower Kittanning coal_——Leetonia seam, Clay Vein, Potter’s Vein, and Sulphur 
Vein of Ghio Valley, Creek 
Vein:of Yellow Creek Val- 
(40 feet interval.) ley, No. 4 at Leetonia, etc., 
No. 3 in Ohio Valley, No.5 
in Tuscarawas county. 
Upper Clarion coal.—Canfield cannel, Creek Vein at New Lisbon, No.3 at Leetonia 
| and New Lisbon, No. 4 in 
Mahoning county. 
These six seams constitute the sole reliance of the county in the 
way of coal. There are several thin and uncertain seams in the Barren 
Measures above the Salineville Strip Vein, the outcrops of which are 
occasionally seen, but none of them is known to be mined, even in a 
single instance. The Mercer horizon comes to view in at least one up- 
lift of moderate extent in the county which has its highest elevation at 
Fredericktown, in the valley of the Little Beaver, and which may be 
named, as White suggests, the Fredericktown anticlinal. Another 
arch, or possibly a continuation of the same one, which has its summit 
between East Liverpool and Wellsville, probably brings up the Mercer 
group, but in neither case is the coal thus shown of any importance. 
The heavy bed of fire-clay that is worked at Walker’s Station, 125 feet 
below the Lower Kittanning coal, is very likely the clay of the Tionesta 
coal. At all events, it is not very far above the Mercer horizon. 
The lowest of the coal seams named above, viz., the Clarion coal, 
is mainly confined in its outcrops to the valleys of the Little Beaver 
