430 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
ViInTON Country. 
Wilkesville township—Section 33, etc. 
Vinton township—Sections 4, 16, 33. Fractional sections 1, 5, 6, 19. 
Clinton township—Sections 3, 6, 9, 13, 21, 23, 27, 28, 29. 
Madison township—Section 33. 
Elk township—Sections 15, 17, 22, 27, 30, 31, 36. 
Richland township—Section 13. 
Brown township—F ractional section 19. 
Swan township—Section 34, ete. 
This list of working localities is far from complete, but most of the 
chief centers are included. The ore throughout the area here named 
has a working thick:ess of about 10 inches for the main seam. In 
favored localities it rises to an average of 12 inches for large tracts. 
Washington Furnace lands, and portions of Vinton township, as the 
Tarr farm, show this thickness in the main seam. Where the ore is 
mined by stripping, the kidneys will often add several inches to this 
measure. ‘The ore swells up in rolls to 2 and 3 feet, and sometimes 
to even a larger volume, but it is the steady seam that the furnaces have 
learned to value, inasmuch as the rolls are likely to be followed by 
“inches.” The ore is mainly got by drifting at the present time, the 
outcrops having been carried back to quite heavy banks in most of the 
furnace tracts. Etna Furnace is drifting for the kidneys overlying the 
main seam, which is here lighter than usual. The drifts are four to five 
feet in height. 
This is the seam from which more than 50 furnaces of Ohio and 
the adjacent district of Kentucky have obtained, and many of which 
are still obtaining, their chief ore supply, some of them through two or 
even three scores of years. The iron made from it is the standard iron 
of the Ohio Valley, for many uses. For strength and chilling qualities 
it is at the head of the list, a considerable amount of it being used in 
car-wheels and in machine castings. 
(3.) The third and last division of the Hanging Rock ores remains 
to be described. It includes, as will be remembered, all of the ores 
that are or have been mined above the limestone ore. From the lime- 
stone ore to the highest of this group, the vertical distance is but little 
less than 300 feet, but the ore which we find at this extreme elevation 
has little or no value, and is not likely to be mined in time to come. 
At 175 feet above the limestone ore, there is an ore horizon that is 
worked to a considerable extent by one or two furnaces. This may be 
