Glaweiwd hale, Well. 
By N. W. Lorp. 
IRON MANUFACTURE OF OHIO. 
GENERAL CONDITIONS. 
There are few territories of equal extent with the State of Ohio, 
that are so abundantly provided with the means of industrial wealth. 
The great fertility and yield of her agricultural regions have long been 
known, and the cultivation of her rich valleys has given prosperity and 
riches to a large population. Concerning, however, the character and 
utilization of the immense stores of coal and iron, locked up in the rocks 
of the Coal Measures, which underlie so large a portion of the State, 
the general information has been limited in extent and accuracy. Never- 
theless, private explorations and private enterprise have developed an 
industry in the manufacture of iron, which places Ohio second only to 
- Pennsylvania among the iron producing states of the Union. A full’ 
knowledge of the occurrence and character, and an intelligent employ- 
ment of these raw materials, the coals and iron ores, so pre-eminently 
the foundation of the necessities and comforts of our age, becomes a 
matter of the very greatest importance to a people possessing them. 
And the work of the present Geological Survey, in collecting and gen- 
eralizing the facts observed relating to those mineral staples, and their 
use in our own and other States and countries, must afford a firm basis 
for the certain and rapid progress of the manufactures dependent upon 
them. Information, which too often has been the exclusive property of 
the invester, will be thus accessible to both the owner of the land and 
the capitalist who develops the riches beneath it, and this information, 
so long wanted, will redound to the common interest and the prosperity 
of the State. A knowledge also of the principles involved in the manufac- 
tures, raising the coals and iron ores, and the method and apparatus em- 
ployed elsewhere in our own and other countries, it is hoped, will favor 
amore general appreciation of the applications of science, skill and 
accuracy to these manufactures. 
