IRON MANUFACTURE. 465 
ship, and is known as the “ Mountain ore.” The blackband iron ore, 
which is the basis of the celebrated Scotch iron region, resembles the 
blackband of the Tuscarawas Valley. The Scotch blackband ore seams 
are also limited in their extent, and are rarely continuous over any very 
large area without change of composition. Though the Scotch ores are 
sometimes found 5 feet or more in thickness, they average only from 6 
to 15 inches. In richness, however, the Tuscarawas blackhand is 
inferior to the Scotch ores, as while the former yields about 25 per cent., 
the latter contain 30 to 40 per cent. of metallic iron in the raw state.* 
The Tuscarawas blackband is also less rich than the blackband of the 
Mahoning Valley, before alluded to. The following analyses of the 
ore used at the Dover Furnace will show the composition of the ore, 
both in its raw and calcined state : 
Raw. Calcined. 
SME CHICIONAVALYsccores cece sclcsscteeccctesscvssacsssosisecesseceees<0s 2.821 3.411 
WanrDOmiCpachaher. sprees scence sseuel cece so cos eyes viele voielceeae nis ott 15.00 Peeweess 
IVS CC Tee acca ccc sc ctleciscasner eclevee celanees We vae ses siesta daweesccinn Mectee cee , 0.25 
WOLATINOHM ALOR cascecisncesoeciectesceccict sae cestlesscesoscceteslet eves 21.10 San ae 
SiliCLOUBMMA TOI rescccc ssemsc erect est ocet esses cede ce sesaarcess 26.22 17.02 
IiNOMsP CNOA Sree red. sme eess ins de taekeleds esee hers eodaddtiet COs 4.00 
MON PTOLO RIMS Ascatec ener sie es oa tacs sees s laacts sileececiuastuete 23.02 Aes seats 
PANN UAT Aiet sets sa tees es setescccsee cc asuceile sors keseeoeesinnescs csvaeete 0.70 0.60 
MANGANESE: <...655<:0ceeccesess Bonnet ae N see can ase cates ulate 1.70 1.65 
ETT Ores es acc Sices oceseseceseesecooue scores Lesss a cevescesecetestse 1.70 2.80 
IVEADTINCBIA Re shi ccees ideas idad Lek taden sa telccleadsascb wo Stel deena 0.88 1.48 
NOSPIOLICLACI Agee cece oaaee sasleeecnesen eset te csesteetoenst 0.492 0.773 
SHDN OIONL? GosdddedsadbocoGebOnGO4o BROCecSOnEneC Hacer rarer CMEC Eda 0.11 trace. 
99.712 99.573 
Pe CATCH OMEEY Sea cccesyccvscne caves seeee sess wonnane esis eects se vseteet 24.06 52.5 
The blackband has been mined chiefly by stripping the outcrop and 
quarrying on the face of the stratum. A wall of the ore thus exposed, 
10 or more feet in height, and several hundred feet long, is a sight of 
no little interest. The ore has thus been very generally worked by 
simple quarrying, though now considerable is obtained by a regular 
system of mining by drifts and galleries, as in working a coal seam. 
The great thickness of the bed renders this method easily applicable, 
and in this manner the ore may be mined for 75 cents per ton, one man 
* Bauerman’s Metallurgy of Iron. 
30 G. 
