A78 - GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
The following series of partial analyses of samples of limestone ore 
or Baird ore from the Hocking Valley is given. The samples were 
sent to the State University Laboratory by furnace-companies; they 
serve to illustrate the variability of ore passing under the same name, 
and found in the same general position: 
1. 2. 3. 4, 5, 6. Uo 
Metallicnrongrnccsc---csccctccessceneaunetee: 28.6 | 28.2 | 29.0 | 29.3 | 45.2 | 46.7 | 39.2 
SHUR VEAVOXDES): TENE HUEY? 5 454000069400080006000080 056080 13.7 | 45.8 | 17.0 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 17.75) 27.6 
IP MOEPOIAOLADE 900000000.90006000060000 Heseesmnens 0.24) 0.09) 017) 038; 0.30}; 0.28} 0.26 
IDES} @L TWEABINAKOSD "5G60060000000600000000000000 28.7 | 11.6 | 22.0 | 245 | 16.9 | 13.0 | 13.6 
Lorp, Chemist. 
These ores are variously designated as Baird ore, limestone ore, 
gray limestone ore, ore found in limestone vein, ete. 
The average amount of phosphorus in the above series of samples, 
however, would not vary far from the one that was stated before. 
Want of care in sampling has led to many false analyses of the 
products of not only this region, but of the State at large, and the unsatis- 
factory way of taking the mean of a large number of analyses is at 
present the only one by which an approximation to the truth can be 
reached ; unsatisfactory, because one analysis of a carefully averaged 
sample of ore from a vein is better, as representing its quality, than 
twenty analyses of pieces supposed to represent the deposit, but really 
representing the judgment of the sampler. 
The works of the Hocking Valley are given in the table of fur- 
naces. The new furnaces at Floodwood Station, on the Columbus and 
Hocking Valley Railroad, not fully completed, are to be the largest in 
the valley, with an estimated capacity of nearly 200 tonsa day. The 
furnaces of this region are using more and more the Lake Superior 
ores, and also considerable mill cinder. This latter material, furnished 
abundantly by the rolling-mills, is a cheap and valuable source of iron ; 
it yields in the neighborhood of 50 per cent. of iron, though of rather 
variable composition, its greatest drawback being its high contents in silica 
and phosphorus, though of the latter element its percentage.is extremely 
uncertain, the ‘“tap-cinder” from the puddling furnace containing 
