IRON MANUFACTURE. 535 
being in use, and the other awaiting re-lining, the furnace making 
Bessemer pig-iron from the Lake Superior ores. 
It may be of interest here to state that they consider the iron only 
fit for the converter, when the silicon is under 2.25 per cent. and the 
phosphorus under .12 per cent. No limit is assigned to the carbon. 
The furnaces at Newburg are equipped with pipe stoves, similar to 
the Hamilton in design. The other stacks of this company are the two 
at their river works and the new central furnace just built, which was 
blown in about the first of October, 1882, but owing to some difficulty 
from the cracking of the bosh walls, had to be partly repaired, and the 
walls increased in thickness. At Youngstown are the two furnaces 
“ Phoenix ” and “ Falcon,” of Brown, Bonnell & Co., making pig-iron 
for the rolling mill; the two stacks of the Himrod Furnace Co., one 
in blast and the other about to be lined. This furnace is peculiar from 
its straight lines, and is figured on plate 2. | 
The furnace uses as a flux the Lowellville limestone, and is pro- 
vided with a Pollock hot-blast stove, made with an oval pipe and cen- 
tral diaphram, as described under hot-blast stoves; also the furnace has 
four blast engines, three vertical and one horizontal ; the furnace makes 
foundry and neutral mill iron, using the same mixtures for both. The 
Hannah furnace, of the Mahoning Valley Iron Co., is at the company’s 
mill at Youngstown, and is running on a mixture of Lake Superior 
ores and mill cinder; the furnace is provided with 8 tuyeres and closed 
front, the slag being discharged through the back of the furnace, and 
not in front, as usual. The Hazleton furnace, at Hazleton, is about two 
miles south of Youngstown, on the Pittsburg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago 
R. R. The ‘ Anna” furnace, at Struthers, recently bought by Brown, 
Bonnell & Co., has the usual pipe stoves and iron hoist. 
At Lowellville the Mary furnace of the Ohio Iron and Steel Co. 
is an old stack, the hoist built with a wooden frame; the furnace works 
with a closed front, and is equipped with two pipe stoves of the Hamilton 
pattern, with a new one building of the oval pipe pattern. The present 
stack is 13 by 56 ft., 53 ft. in hearth, and 9 ft. in throat; provided with 
one engine, having blowing cylinder 66 in. by 4 ft. 6 in.; the furnace 
making at present 230 to 250 tons per week. It was stated that the 
furnace is to be rebuilt, refitted, and provided with an 84 in. by 4 ft. 
Weimer engine, and a 60-pipe Pollock stove. The new furnace is to 
be 75 ft. by 18 ft. ; the furnace at present is provided with seven 43-inch 
