BUILDING STONE. 589 
visible in the majority of these exposures, and are most conspicuous in | 
the Berea grit. 7 
In Mr. Perrin’s quarry the stratum dips at an angle of nearly 45°. 
The sheets vary in thickness from 8 inches to 10 feet. This stone is used 
principally for bridges and foundations. The rock is quarried by first 
blasting out with powder large masses, which are afterward cut by means 
of wedges into the sizes required. 
In Mr. Grannell’s quarry the rock has been less disturbed and lies in 
nearly a horizontal position. ‘The sheets here are not so heavy as in the 
above quarry, but the quality of the material is about the same. The 
layers vary from 1 inch to 5 feet in thickness, and those 6 inches and 
less in thickness are used principally for paving purposes. ‘The thinner 
sheets are raised from their bed by means of wedges and bars. 
Still farther south in this county, in Fairfield and Greenfield town- 
ships, the stratum of the Berea grit is made up almost entirely of thin 
sheets. 
In a quarry in the latter township the sheets vary in thickness from 
1 inch to two feet, the prevailing thickness being from 1 inch to 6 
inches. The material is used almost exclusively for paving purposes, 
for which it is well adapted, being strong and durable, though much of 
it is deeply ripple-marked and does not make a smooth pavement. 
The line of outcrop of the Berea grit formation is marked by a 
series of quarries which cross the eastern tier of townships in Crawford 
county.(@) The quarries in Polk township are at present of much less 
importance than those in Jackson township in the vicinity of Leesville. 
Quarries have been worked in this vicinity for thirty or forty years. 
The quarry of the Leesville Stone Company is located about one mile 
north of the railroad station, but a spur-track is now nearly completed 
from the main line of the railroad to the quarry. The material from 
this quarry has earned a good reputation, and the stone has been quite 
extensively extracted during the last few years. The rock lies below 
the level of perfect drainage, and in both color and texture it is similar 
in appearance to that quarried at Berea, but on exposure to the weather 
its color changes to light gray. Blocks of any desired dimensions may 
be obtained in this quarry, and the method of quarrying is the same as 
that employed in the Berea and Amherst quarries. The material is 
employed for all general building purposes, most extensively, however, 
(a) Geological Survey of Ohio, Vol. III, p.321; “Geology of Richland County,” by M. C. Read. 
