THE OHIO COAL MEASURES. 191 
The Leetonia field embraces also the Clarion coal, which exists in 
good thickness and within easy reach throughout the whole neighbor- 
hood. It is the seam known as the Canfield Cannel coal at the north- 
ward, and is one of the coals designated as No. 4 by Newberry. 
It is reached by a shaft at Walters’s mine at Washingtonville at a 
distance of 44 feet below the coal last described. It was worked here 
for some time, but though the volume of the seam is large enough, its 
quality is generally poor. It is shown in every record of the borings 
made at Leetonia. It is what is called a “dirty” coal, many slate- 
bands interrupting its continuity, and it also carries pyrite or “sulphur’’ 
in large amount, both diffused and concentrated. It is fairly high in 
fixed carbon, and in heating power is not inferior to the Leetonia seam, 
but it has a tendency to run on the grate-bars, and makes “clinker” in 
large amount. Its floor is uneven, but there are not many “ wants” in 
the coal. The seam climbs the hills of the mine in fair volume, being 
unlike the Block coal seam in this respect. It is very regular through- 
out this district, which holds almost the only valuable deposit of this 
seam in the State. | 
It is mined at Franklin Square or Armstrong’s Station, just south 
of Leetonia, where it is reached by a short shaft, and also at Maurer’s 
mine, 3 miles north of New Lisbon. The characteristics already given 
apply to all the mines that are now worked. ‘The geological relations 
of the seam and the elements with which it is directly associated, have 
been already fully described. The fossiliferous black shale, that so 
often replaces the Ferriferous limestone, is well shown here as the cover 
of the coal. The Leetonia seam has lately been opened at this point, 
a little thinner than at Leetonia. 
As previously stated, the Leetonia coal extends at least as far west 
as Salem, and has been reached by a shaft within the limits of the town. 
The record of the shaft is a valuable one, and is repeated here from 
vol. III, page 125: 
Ft. In. 
IPMN AT Ulnar Me NSA ce selesaccesacs suteennasecoassalevustecaesse 907 
2. Red shaly sandstone........ PASIAN IAS Rclar dta 3 SEEN AN? MSU ON Ser hte 9 0 
Se SIACKISIALO MP IME coccescwasccesssccscavicctevacacsdasce Socelbocesoncacseasess 1 06 
AMES LAGY ACOA limon eratseatat. sein ce nhok de Gtvsavasncettssseseteldscdeseos sveeseaes 0 6 
Dy ISEIAVGCISTEOL IVEY Gap AcScCCCcSSUB SEL COUPE GABAAB ARCA ECAAHED On AEC EE REA EDD NMRA DER a ay 39 «OO 
OMe lackashral Ohocmeeens deel sr otwcccseshasstacsresvcsesesscsesevevssesteasessaces 20 6 
em CLE AV aS lal Cresetcirtonnerscsec sc serescsc ten sesccesce cones slowecesis tel'seasacesseaess 21 4 
8.) Leetonia 86am .......2......0c.:cseseeeeseees (000008 06600 $3.00006000000000000000 4 @ 
