THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 209 
at Hammondsville, and despite its small measure, it was for a number 
of years worked quite extensively, on account of the very hard and 
firm coke produced from it. 
The Hammondsville coke outranks all Ohio cokes in these respects, 
but it is high in ash and sulphur. The manufacture has dwindled to 
very small proportions now, but the output of a handful of miners is 
still brought to the ovens. 
The coal does not exceed 30 inches in thickness, but it is very 
bright and strong. In ash it runs rather high, but the figures obtained 
by Wormley (vol. III, p. 779) can scarcely have been derived from 
average samples. The following analysis shows the composition of the 
coal as determined by the methods here employed : 
JekaraarmnaraG EX UN Shrat) WEIBA o59 560000000000000000000000 0000000000000 560508000000000 Lord. 
WHITE TRADERS) capacaodorcecacocn ETA ODE UO nOCDN OCOE CBE OSCOeS RCRGEBCOR CE HEE CC naan 1.89 
IVolatilesmatten) hos. veencccsctecsceceoncasces ECO SER COTC ORC CR ECON CE ECT EeEGACer BIL? 
OIXCCECAT DOME eee er eee rce ree o calories wale ree o aoe ueeewc antes iseeseedecesiseseeee dies 53.67 
INS Fee aN ar Marra tats ily Ree MET CAA gS SoU NEI dec oiec hese coeteaegeescestadeee’ UP 
100. 
Sula aT eno ance cconceonsetetews ccccseecuscssescssu cece sceacsescnsodetsncctats 0.72 
The coke of this seam gives for a single specimen, and possibly an 
inferior one: 
This seam is opened at many other points along the Ohio Valley, 
but only in farmers’ banks, not in mines. 
The Upper Kittanning (?) or eighteen-inch vein is quite steady 
through this field, but it does not add to the resources of the county. 
The Lower Freeport seam is decidedly the most important of the 
coal seams of Jefferson county. It long ago acquired at Hammonds- 
ville a local name by which it is widely known throughout Eastern 
Ohio, viz., the Roger coal, but it is under another name that it has 
acquired its best reputation, viz., the Steubenville Shaft coal. Itisa 
seam of fair volume at Hammondsville, measuring 3 feet and over. It 
has one slate parting, which is generally a few inches from the bottom, 
but sometimes at or above the middle of the seam. It is too impure, 
14 G. 
