THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 211 
factorily. accounted for. Newberry first referred the Diamond coal to 
its true horizon, viz., that of his Coal No. 6, or the Upper Freeport 
seam, but on this identification, an unusual disparity of intervals was 
found between the elements on the Diamond property and on contiguous 
territory. The section on the former is as follows: 
Ft. In 
Brush Creek coal—Groff seam. 
Interval, including Mahoning sandstone ................e00+ 61 
IBIACKHSIATC ian. cccsccescoscee<catedscseleccccisiesseseice cad on susoesseee ses 0 8 
DIAMOND CEC OA res actescos sacccetiecccencalocesaccieseeenss\iners sceccesoeses vsecscs 7 (3 to 9 ft.) 
TG ervialle ea: eae ate cess seecoeehs socks caste come eee rete se ee catesseee 90 
Middle Kittanning coal—Strip Vein ...............ceccseseeces seceee 5 
GER Va Persist Maite sce ocr enStias clsteise sits sieies sive seicoveweisielssiouieisee's Gidsies oO 6 22 
Lower Kittanning seam—Creek Vein ................-cescscerereceees 3 
Kittanning clay. 
But at Hammondsville and at Collinwood, and in fact throughout 
the valley generally, the same elements occur in the following general 
order: 
Feet 
Brush Creek coal—Groff Vein, No. 7............seseee0 ines Mone Mossetia cen 3 to 4 
Brush Creek limestone. 
Interval (from coal to coal)............ Sees eases sastaersccoeh eee an ees 67 
Wippershree port coal — BI CMVCIM NO NO sccocsaccccseneessscoesscccntsccensee 0 to 6 
Wp pershreeportelimestonerandiclayersccsccctecscodece-iccncs-ossscosesees: 6 
loniwerayeall Garesen, oe 10) Gk!) \500000000500080080000000 Seaco0 SoGNR ON BOCDCOBOBGOaICE 61 
Lower Freeport coal—Roger Vein, No. 5.............0. ssscscessscccecesecees 23 
Lower Freeport limestone. 
liminary Grown, GORA TO) GOB), 65609099660080765060050000000HNGO SG0BONGOSEO GOOEOE 72 
Middle Kittanning coal—Strip Vein .............. hi eaticech sta saeees tesece des 24 
AiTAGG resyiel ER ee oa ce ced ae kate ee! ode ds cont sbsececee sesh ec detdteeveadca( Paaahiloads 20 
Lower Kittanning coal—Creek Vein ........ ......cscsecceeccecscscecccees soeees 3 
Kittanning clay. — 
Comparing these sections, we find that the interval between the 
Strip Vein and the Big Vein in the first is 90 feet, and in the second 
133 feet. The Diamond coal was thus brought nearer to the place of 
the Roger Vein than to that of the Big Vein, aud in addition it was 
noted that the Roger Vein was not present on the Diamond property. 
It was hard to understand how so great a descent of the Upper Free- 
port coal swamp could be made so abruptly. Though this difficulty 
still remains, the recent workings of the mine remove all questions as 
to the fact. The coal has been found in the north entry to climb a hill 
