THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 219 
Coal of Market Street Shaft, Steubenville......... .......ceecccseceecr essences (Lord.) 
IMPOISUUT ORs eranecr cases cacesee secur eeteeceecacestuehasenccseeess 900009800000080000090000000000008 2.06 
Wolatileamatteny.vssceescsecccecddeesccsteswes PCRS EDO CE DECORA EC c SCE CEE C CE ECan ECR Eee 39.06 
EXECU CAT OO MEARE eee Tee A as ot ee NCI OER Sate eae eo eu see Sm MaelS esis oeet EA TREE) ideas 53.96 
PANS iWseeeeateaeret ee Meee Sacra cse ordre cloth ne cersise ems neee ms Gnas ek Nevers sacs de ets Mepavad dagwinapedss 4,92 
HO Gallente san mettoncicta sere Seca nels cus tiapoces nels saneu owe satict edness cer Sasprives ses 100 
Stl Use aenaracet te coioaaa docs ooot eset locos te ba visnotacauudausbvevans sdusenseeteee eeaan 1.79 
The figures given above fully confirm and justify the good reputa- 
tion of the Steubenville Shaft seam. 
The coal has always been rated high asa rolling-mill coal, burning 
with considerable flame, and giving out its heat quickly. On the same 
account it is an excellent steam coal. For domestic use it is the sole 
reliance of the city of Steubenville, but it has not yet established a 
place for itself in the general market. The fact that it does not bear 
handling well, works against it, in this respect, as does also the fact that 
the miner is paid for unscreened coal. So long as the coke was in demand 
for the furnaces of Steubenville and vicinity, the quality of the coal 
produced, so far as size was concerned, was a matter of no consequence, 
the whole product of the mine going in some instances directly to the 
ovens. But recently a new state of things has been brought about. 
Though the Steubenville coke is an excellent fuel, it cannot compete 
successfully with Connellsville coke in the manufacture of iron, and it 
has been displaced even in its own field by the latter. Add to this the 
fact that the rolling-mills of the valley are making use of the great 
supplies of gas that deep wells are now reaching, in place of the coal, 
and it will be seen that two of the largest demands upon the mines are 
being withdrawn, and if their production is to be maintained, it must 
_be through the establishment of an outside market. Such a market it 
can gain only in competition with some of the best coals of the Alle- 
gheny field, and it will require sagacious management in all respects to 
maintain the mines in uninterrupted activity. But even though condi- 
tions should prove temporarily unfavorable, there can be no possible 
doubt as to the ultimate value of this noble coal field. 
Within the limits of the general field, thirteen shafts are now sunk 
to the Steubenville coal. 
Beginning at the north, we first find the Cable Shaft, from which 
very little coal has been taken. 
' The Alicanna Shaft is next below. The mine is connected with a 
rolling-mill, but both are idle at the present time, and the mine is 
