242 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
abandoned. This mine is opened against the dip, and though it lies so 
low that it has nothing to spare, it still drains itself. 
The structure of the coal is as follows: 
KFLEURE KUNY 
STRUCTURE OF GREIGHTONS COAL 
ROSE TOWNSHIP. 
Bone: Goal ov Slate___ 
Coal Upper beacl—___ | 
Vorbing either sulphur cay be: 
Coal, lLyower Venice ioe 
Choy i) ata oe eee WER N 
aS AD gt 
Inches. 
Bone ‘coal ‘or: black slate... cotescssiccecoecercecsanessecsucmensencee Sceecaeenes 12 
Coal, Gpper Den Ch tircc..ceeek eee ecece ode eesc cat eoee cae soon Menno aenean aes 16 to 18 
Serartinevsulphurbandmome aysoanducnscconssetmsccssesctieetes x to 2 
Coal, bottom bench............ SS REO eC Ee epons Gta enaconeoNEG 18 to 20 
The thickness of the seam here is 3 feet strong. The coal has its 
usual good quality. 
The seam holds its way with even tenor as it is followed up the 
valley. Mining in it has nowhere been attempted, except in farmers’ 
banks, and they are everywhere, but the seam is certain to come into 
demand, and at no distant day. Its steadiness, its quality, and its 
nearness to the margin of the field, are all points in its favor, and 
furnish a basis for successful mining that will not long be disregarded. 
Tt lies low in the hills, and thus occupies a wide area. Thinner seams 
are already successfully mined in the large way in Ohio, and steadiness 
is coming to be recognized in its true place as a very important element 
in such enterprises. 
The Kittanning clay, underlying the Lower Kittanning coal, is an 
element of great value in the lower portion of the Big Sandy Valley, 
as will be shown elsewhere. 
This field has nothing to stimulate speculative enterprises, as none 
of its elements have any unusual volume or value, but a safe basis for 
a prudent and permanent business is certainly furnished by it. 
The Upper Freeport coal (No. 7 of Newberry in this field) has 
been named as one of the seams mined in Stark county. Its horizon is 
