THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 243 
one of great interest, but its contribution to the coal supply of the 
county is insignificant. Neither it nor the Lower Freeport seam has 
any real value as a coal horizon, though both have been found and 
worked in various localities. | 
The Upper Freeport coal, it will be remembered, bears the famous 
Blackband ore of this portion of the State. These deposits will be 
described by themselves, and only the coal that underlies them will 
receive attention at this point. | 
On the east side of Sandy township, near the county line, on David 
Stull’s farm, the Upper Freeport coal has been found and worked to a 
small extent. The seam was here 3 feet and more. It was overlain by 
a heavy mass of bituminous shales carrying considerable iron. The 
shales were mined as Blackband, and were calcined on the ground, but 
were not found rich enough in iron to pay for working, and consequently 
were never removed from the kilns. 
The same horizon is also reached on the east side of Osnaburg 
township, and also in Paris. Some extensive deposits of Blackband 
have been worked in the former. The coal has not been opened by 
itself in Osnaburg, but in Paris a few. small banks have been worked at 
one time or another. None are now known to be in operation. The 
usual interval between the Middle Kittanning coal (No. 6 of the Tus- 
carawas Valley) and the Upper Freeport coal (No.‘6 of the Yellow 
Creek Valley) is 120 to 140 feet in this region. 
One other coal seam must be counted among the sources of supply 
of Stark county. It is a seam that is worked in scarcely any other 
portion of the State. It hes 10 to 15 feet above the Upper Mercer | 
limestone, and 25 to 30 feet below the Putnam Hill limestone. It has 
been identified by its position with the Tionesta coal of the Pennsyl- 
vania Survey. The only portion of the county in which it is found of 
thickness sufficient to warrant working is in the southwestern corner of 
Pike township. The seam will be described among the Tuscarawas 
county coals, among which it is known as the Bolivar coal. 
