260 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
present time. In addition, there are minor deposits of ore and coal] 
that are shown in the section. | 
The Lower Mercer limestone is in strong force and of excellent 
character here. It measures 6 feet in thickness. It is mined quite 
largely for the Dover Furnace. The Gray or Putnam Hill limestone 
is 3 feet thick, and it also is of good quality, and is used for furnace 
flux. The coal which immediately underlies the limestone is better 
here than in most localities. It is 34 feet thick. It is divided into 
two equal benches by a clay parting, 6 inches in thickness. Contrary 
to what is found in Stark county, the bottom bench has the best reputa- 
tion, and is used as a blacksmithing coal. ‘The clay that underlies it 
is also worked for the market, and the three elements combine to invest 
the horizon with conspicuous interest. The coal would not be largely 
worked by itself, as it would not be able to compete successfully with 
the Kittanning coals, with which the district is so well supplied, but 
coming, as it does, as a secondary product, it is furnished at low rates, 
though, of course, in but small quantity. The Brookville seam is also 
worked at a few other points in the township under the same general 
conditions. 
THe Lower Kirrannine Coat (No. 5). 
This well-known and widely distributed seam (No. 5 of Newberry) 
occupies a considerable area in Tuscarawas county. Its most con- 
spicuous development is in Sandy township, in the northeastern corner 
of the county. It has been worked here for a number of years in con- 
nection with its underlying clay, on the large scale. The last-named 
element here assumes its highest quality, and gives the name by which 
the Kittanning clay is best known in Northern Ohio, viz., the Mineral 
Point clay. The horizon of the coal is still further marked by the 
occurrence of a valuable bed of kidney ore that lies in the shales above 
the coal. The ore has been worked extensively for the Massillon and 
Canal Dover furnaces under the name of Shell ore. This stratum 
belongs rather with the small seam of coal, “the 18-inch vein,” that 
lies 15 to 18 feet above the Lower Kittanning seam, but it is commonly 
associated with the latter. 
The coal seam under consideration is worked in almost all portions 
of the township, but it is only at Mineral Point and in its immediate 
vicinity that facilities exist for shipping. The only mines of the town- 
