THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 265 
described, but little injustice would be done if the entire production 
were referred to it. It is mined in every township of the county but 
one, viz., Perry, and it is quite probable that it underlies this town to 
a greater or less extent. It is or has been mined on the large scale in 
Goshen, Warwick, Mill and Union. In the Pike Run district of 
Goshen township, it supports two of the largest mines of the State. In 
Sandy, Dover, Fairfield, Salem and Oxford townships, though not 
worked in mines of great individual importance, the aggregate produc- 
tion of the seam is considerable. In the remaining townships it is 
almost the sole fuel supply of the people. 
In Wayne, Franklin and Lawrence townships it occupies but little 
territory, as it lies high in the caps of their southern hills. Here, also, the 
seam shows the smallest volume. It does not generally exceed 3 feet in 
thickness in these towns, and the same measure is found in a large part 
of Dover. Indeed in most of the townships there are considerable 
areas in which it is a three-feet seam, though it often gains a few inches 
on this measure. It attains its maximum in Goshen, Warwick, Mill 
and Union, ranging here from 33 to 5 feet in thickness, and the quality 
is also highest here. 
The remarkable persistency and steadiness of the seam is nowhere 
better shown than in this county. 
It has also as wide an outcrop here as in any other portion of the 
field, the proved breadth of the coal swamp being nearly 25 miles, 
measured from the western outcrop, southeastward on the line of dip. 
The following sections and statements show the structure and gen- 
eral condition of the coal in a number of the townships of the county. 
The sections were taken from the worked mines and banks, and they 
naturally exhibit, therefore, the best development of the seam, as thus 
far found. 
In Sandy township this coal is worked by J. A. Saxton, near 
Sandyville, the seam being 42 inches thick. John Black works it on 
his farm where it is 4 feet thick. It is also worked on Wm. Rice’s 
farm, on section 13, where it is 42 inches thick. The Zoar Community 
has one mine in this seam, the thickness being 3 feet. 
In Dover township the coal is worked in a small way by the 
following parties, viz. : 
