THE LOWER COAL MEASURES. 279 
In Sugar Creek township there are several winter banks open in 
this seam. A little coal has been mined from it at Shanesville, but the 
seam is thinner here than at some other points. The Dummermuth, 
Funk, and numerous other banks, situated in the eastern part of the 
township, yield a considerable amount of good coal. The thickness of 
the seam ranges from 3 ft. 2 in. to 4 ft. 2 in., the increase occurring in 
the lower bench. , 
In Auburn township the mines of Lebengut, Buehler, the Zimmer- 
mans, and others, furnish a large local supply. The quality of the coal 
averages fairly well with the quality of the seam taken as a whole 
throughout northeastern Ohio, but it is not easy to see how certain 
claims that have been made for the coal of this particular region, as 
surpassing all other coals of the bituminous field, the Youghiogeny coal 
included, in calorific and evaporative power, could have originated, 
much less how they can be substantiated. The Lebengut coal as sampled 
from a freshly mined wagon load, shows the following composition : 
Coal of Washington Lebengut’s bank, Auburn township ............... Lord. 
IMPOISUUNE Merete tesiers seas seco sciesuleiewcatecs cove tussle is coiscee's dosicssinsesseesces essvoness 3.66 
Volatile matter ........5......0...-.ensscencesssenvessceoscreseescovensnsssocncceseoss 43.97 
IP CCE CATO OM ewer ance sceccdecie sc csoe cans orscketecGecsiveseriserseesasesticacedsstaseass 46.78 
UST eee eee meas eace se sats cs wsicie se Doan ner cnieee esac sclen'suuaciens Ciusscsieweceeidsaedte 5.59 
MNO Galeeee Soak ons Roan sean wean secee sets detay. Sato Geweasesaiict oheibcessises 100.C0 
Surly laaste ceases cece ciecse cscs cscweesionsere ce casinc eens eactscsoveccessecdeeess 3.79 
These figures indicate the seam from which the coal is taken clearly 
enough, but they do not show by any means its highest phases. The 
amount of sulphur is large, and the ash is somewhat in excess of the 
best results. So also the fixed carbon is one or two per cent. below the 
average of the seam. 
The bottom coal of the upper bench has a local reputation as a 
smith coal. The same portion of the seam is applied to the same uses 
in Stark county, as will be remembered in the description of the Osna- 
burg mines. 
The Lower Kittanning coal seems to be wanting in the townships 
last named, and indeed throughout a wide territory in Tuscarawas, 
Holmes and Coshocton counties. A fossiliferous limestone comes into 
the series not far from the proper place of this coal in many sections. 
This limestone perhaps represents the missing coal, but the more prob- 
able reference of it is to the Ferriferous limestone horizon. 
