COAL MINING. 341 
man is required to do the dumping, and he could easily manage a 
thousand mine cars a day. 
The mines of the State Line Coal Company, situated at Hast 
Palestine, Columbiana county, have very superior arrangements for 
hauling coal, and washing the slack or screenings. A stationary engine 
is erected outside, which operates an endless wire rope, which extends 
underground 14 miles. A loaded train of cars, 50 to 60 in number, 
is hauled outside at once, and delivered in the shoots, and the empty 
train of cars is hauled back into the mines over the same track. Con- 
versations are held between the engineer in charge of the engine out- 
side and the hitcher-on in the interior of the mine, by means of a 
telephone, and all the arrangements are admirable. 
The washing machinery for separating the slate and other impuri- 
ties from the nut and slack coal redeems fully 14 per cent. of the output 
of the mine, which was formerly unfit for any purpose, and was thrown 
aside as waste. ‘This coal is washed and purified by a stream of water, 
which is }.oured upon it, and which carries it through a long narrow 
trough ; the slate and other impurities of the coal being the heavier 
bodies, fall by the way, and lodge in the bottom of the trough. The 
engine which runs the wire rope upon which the mine cars are hauled 
to and fro, also operates the slack-washer. ‘The State Line mine is the 
largest in Ohio in point of production, the average annual coal output 
exceeding 100,000 tons. The mine is managed by Hugh Laughlin, a 
practical mining engineer of consummate skill and judgment. 
At the mines of the Prospect Hill Coal Company, operated by Mr. 
James Suthern, situated also at East Palestine, the coal is brought out 
of the mine by means of an endless wire rope. A small single shaft 
engine is placed at the mouth of the mine, which is not reversible, but 
the drums of the shaft reverse, and the full trips are brought out, and 
the empty ones returned as fast as the coal can be gathered on the entry. 
Underground hauling machinery is also used at.some of the mines 
at Steubenville, and at the new slope of the Ohio Southern Coal and 
Iron Company, in Jackson county, costly and elaborate hauling ma- 
chinery has been fitted up. The coal is raised up the slope by means 
of an endless steel wire rope, 14 inches in diameter, which passes around 
eleven different sheaves at the top of the mine. Four of the sheaves are 
ten feet in diameter, and seven of them four feet in diameter. 
