612 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
These quarries yield an unusually fine quality of flagging stone, the 
material lying in very even courses of suitable thickness. An analysis 
of the limestone was made for the Ohio survey by Professor Wormley, (c) 
and the composition of the stone is shown to be as follows: 
Calenimrcanr bomatetc cs ce reds cco ue cece eee aes Dee CT Teen .... 49.75 
WEFT SID 01a 5460 650008 600000 64005060000000000 00000000 "5050009000 suidtee Coeeboreare ease 35.87 
ANurTMbNE, AVG! TRON WSAVCl@o0600066000000000500000060860000000000006  HoG0G0GH0S G0084 ' 4,40 
SiUTPECOUS MATTE sere ee ee ee eee eee Ee ee Ra aren ta clara: SCPE Some 9.40 
Ml Way reo aA tr ROR ya Sie Dine Re EAN alate an IEE oe ANIL as ap CO BGR RES GeoG 99. 42 
The largest quarries in Preble county are located at New Paris. 
The building-stone courses are here accessible, but the production of 
burned lime is the chief industry, yielding twelve-nineteenths of the 
gross earnings ; the lime is distributed mainly to the westward by the 
railroads leading out of Richmond, Indiana. The quarries produce also 
flaggings, copings, bridge and building stones—in fact, the material for 
any construction can be here obtained. 
Immense blocks are said to have been quarried at this place. The 
chief market for the stone quarried at New Paris is in eastern Indiana. 
The specimens sent to the National Museum from Preble county are all 
of a drab color, compact, and rather earthy in appearance, incapable of 
taking a high polish, and possessing a characteristic appearance due to 
the presence of porphyritic crystals of a clear, glassy nature, and which 
become very prominent upon the smooth or polished surfaces. These 
glassy crystals are of calcite, and the forms of the fossils which are some- 
times seen are filled with the same olassy material. The earthy ground 
mass, which constitutes the bulk of the rock, will not dissolve in dilute 
acid, and is of a dolomitic character, as is shown by the analyses that 
have been cited. The stones consist of irregular, minute grains, which 
are closely fitted together with rhombohedral crystals of dolomite de- 
veloped among them. All of the sections when magnified show very 
numerous but exceedingly small particles of pyrites. This is what prob- 
ably produced the 4 or 6 inches of sap or discolored rock adjoining 
the natural clefts. 7 
The limestones quarried at Piqua, Miami county, are from the low- 
(c) Report of the Geological Survey of Ohio, Vol. III, Part i, p. 405. 
