CLAY DEPOSITS. 667 
The horizon of the Lower Freeport coal is productive of good clay 
in two districts; one is at Zanesville, where it is opened at Downerd’s 
Bank, the Tile Works Bank, and at several other places. The clay is 
of second grade, plastic and quite ferruginous. The other district is at 
Moxahala, where the Pyle clay is referred to this horizon; it is mined 
and shipped by cars largely to Columbus. It isa clay of second rate 
in part of its territory, and in other portions plastic; it is a high grade 
No. 2 clay. It carries red oxide of iron enough to discolor it and to 
affect its character for refractoriness, doubtless, but portions of it are 
excellent. 
The Upper Freeport horizon, in one or two places, is found 
to yield valuable clays; the best is found near Taylorsville, Mus- 
kingum county, where it is called the Ballou clay; it is here a hard clay 
of some value. It is carried to Zanesville for the Fire-Brick Works. 
At Island Siding, Jefferson county, the same clay is mined; here it is 
called the “Bolivar clay”; it is mostly second class, but some hard clay 
is found in the seam. The arrangement of the elements of this horizon 
is peculiar; there is a gap of twenty feet between the coal and lime- 
stone beneath it, in which the clay is developed. 
The higher veins of coal are not used at all and are met only in 
limited places. No clay from above the Upper Freeport is used in this 
State unless it be in one mine in Jefferson county, where a small amount 
of clay is taken from beneath a coal, probably the Brush Creek vein. 
The position, extent and character of our main deposits have now 
been taken up and roughly followed through the State. Much more 
might have justly been said in regard to these horizons if the limits: of 
space allowed. It should still be borne in mind that the majority of the 
eighteen beds of clays found in the State are found over large areas of — 
territory, and that the small extent of the districts now turned to account 
is due not to lack of material, but to lack of demand for the products. 
The same causes which restrict the extension of workings in deposits of 
known value, of course still further discourage the exploration of new 
territory. But when the demand arises, there is no doubt that the supply 
will be at hand. 
