THE GAS COALS OF OHIO. 747 
2,400,000 gallons pitch. 1,000,000 gallons creosote oil. 
20,000 “ benzolé. 20,000 ‘naphtha. 
20,000 ''.‘*:- blk. varnish. 22,000 “*, carbolic. acid. 
3,333 ‘“‘  earbolic acid crystals. 20,000 “ anthracine. 
6,667 “oil mybane. Pa HU ‘*  ereosote. 
150,000 “ for use in tar-felting. | 
The tota] value of the preduct is put at $367,500.00, of which 
$200,000.00 is of the coarser products, and $167,500 00 of the finer 
products. 
The ammoniacal liquor of gas-works 1s produced by the distillation 
of coal in the heated retorts. A portion of it flows off as water from 
the overflow of the hydraulic main. This is seldom above what is 
called 4-oz. liquor, and frequently the strength is not more than 2-oz. 
The more valuable liquor is secured by washing or scrubbing, the water 
absorbing the gaseous forms of ammonia. By the use of properly con- 
structed washers, it is easily enough to secure !6-oz. liquor. The 
strength may be increased up to 24-oz. without double washing or intro- 
ducing the same water the second time. The total yield of ammonia 
varies greatly with the character of coal used, as will be observed by 
reference to tables given in preceding pages. Cannel coals are generally 
poor producers of ammonia. Some, in fact, are almost worthless to the 
distillers of ammoniacal liquor. 
George Lunge, Ph.D., F.C.S., in his treatise on distillation of 
coal tar, presents the following table, showing the possible per centage 
of gas liqor to be obtained from a ton of coal. 
The estimate is based on the per centage of nitrogen in the Goal) 
and assumes that all the nitrogen should combine with hydrogen to form 
ammonia : 
Possible yield Possible yield of 
Origin of the coal. pe enieee of of N. H., 3 per} gallons am. liquor 
Ben. cent. 4° Twa. per ton coal. 
Wall ospeeca teres ssante rac nls, 0.91 1.10 142 
aMcashine eee ces tawds cts 1.25 1.52 196 
Newcastle ........... Ase acta 1.32 1.60 206 
BCObtlaMd ees ss hice ores se eerbes 1.44 1.75 226 
“Instead of this possible yield, rarely more than forty-five gallons 
of gas liquor of 4° Twaddle are obtained per ton of coal, usually only 25, 
and in London only thirteen gallons.” : 
