748 | GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
Ammonia is said to be present in gas liquor in the following forms : 
Free ammonia, ammonia carbonates, ammonium sulphide, sulpho- 
cyanide, acetates, chloride, sulphate, thiasulphate, and in other combina- 
tions in less quantity. The value of gas liquor is usually ascertained by 
the use of the hydrometer, each degree of Twaddle’s hydrometer indicat- 
ing two-ounce liquor. This system of estimating the value has been 
shown to be incorrect, as free ammonia will lower the density of water 
and the compounds increase the density in different degrees. 
More attention has been given to the distillation of gas liquor by 
gas companies in this country than has been given to the distillation of 
their tar, and probably not one gas-works in twenty in the United 
States, certainly not in Ohio, derives any revenue from their gas liquor. 
A very few of the companies of the State have sold their liquor 
to sulphate of ammonia manufacturers. The prices in the eastern 
States range from 20c.. to 30c. per ton of coal carbonized. Prices do 
pot range so high in the West. Probably at the present, with the 
depressed prices that rule for the distiller’s product, not more than 
25¢. per ton of coal can be obtained for the gas liquor. But even this 
represents a large sum, say $50,000 to $60,000. But to make it pos- 
sible to work up the production of the gas companies, there would need 
to be a concentration of the liquor at central points in the State. Now 
most of the gas-works produce too small a quantity to justify the erec- 
tion of a plant. 
In England, where fertilizers are in greater demand, and where, it 
is said, the standard of quality is much above the fertilizers manufac- 
tured in this country, almost every gas-works distills its own gas liquor 
and is able to obtain a revenue of 60c. to 74c. per ton of coal carbonized. 
The following table gives the various gases and compounds in coal 
gas, and the per cent. of each by volume: 
Volume. 
ERY GVO PONY .2.35 ee ditseeedeaSaculeeltddiets sinuses oataw et « deter eaensiaue stares ces oemaeetentnenceemeetme nee 48.70 
Marsh: Gass. saiscacsceccavaacdcaoeuiectet ae cmvmsh deci vce aiustetearee cantiem seeeanioncereas acrarmcitecteaene 38.20 
Ole fiant Pas) kia cee oak Gil ans Sedalia sea cee eens o eaGie selects Sowa Mac eee eee eae eee c ee aaa emer 3.45 
Carbonic Ox1GG accavss edicscescscse nce ctonec sce ces doce son aes Roca eee TS Eo NCE eee 7.92 
s ACI cases. cassie cascesebes peseistewacsuleewhanenseceseadsalelncunsatetens eaaeecee wet uti nahente 31 
NU tPO RON sobs sake csoedincedeis codes de cumltertac cmeislasnst aac saiec soctumeeinetton commtcecemte meres wienesalseel 1.00 
OXY POM sacs diavonstieaces se ge ssaosecdeemaauaspeesuctiesseneeesue camcuabensistaenettict ectec ce catenies maesenen A2 
Total iil alicia ke CC Ee ee MES ch 2 a, See Ri cr aIRe aN IN ale Sara Aaa caer Men 100.00 
