828 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
opened, and consisted of two benches of ten inches each, with ten 
inches of shale between them. (Fig. VI.) 
Brookville Coal (No. 4). 
This coal and the overlying Putnam Hill (gray) limestone, are 
exposed in perhaps every township of the county. The two are some- 
times mined together for the manufacture of lime, as at Geo. Maxwell’s 
and Samuel Stirlen’s in Hardy, H. J. Asire’s in Mechanic, and else- 
where. The coal is from one to two feet thick, of poor quality, but 
sufficiently good for burning lime. An exception should be made for 
this seam in Knox township at A. A. Taylor’s, where, although only 
two feet thick, it has been worked considerably on its own account, 
and is considered of excellent quality. It was not accessible for 
analysis. 
Clarion Coal. 
This coal lies directly under the true Ferriferous (upper gray) 
limestone. It is difficult at some points, in the present state of our 
knowledge, to distinguish with certainty between this horizon and that 
of the Brookville, which is due some 20 or 30 feet lower, and more 
investigation is needed upon the relations of these two coals and lime- 
stones. The coal formerly mined by Daniel Shields, just west of the 
Bowen mine, is doubtless the same as that shown in Fig. VII, as the 
Clarion; but at both these points the Mercer limestones are missing. 
The coal, where mined, was 20 to 24 inches thick, and of rather poor 
quality. This horizon, at many places in the county, where most 
clearly exposed, has a thick bed of unusually white fire-clay under it. 
Lower Kittanning Coal (No. 5). 
This coal is present only in the south-eastern corner of the county. 
The seam, mined by Andrew Schrock, M. Zahner, and others, in south- 
eastern Walnut Creek, is referred to this horizon. In German township 
its outcrop is constant, and it is of workable thickness at Christian 
Fisher’s and Christian Gerber’s, under the black band ore, at George 
Domer’s and elsewhere. On Noah Slaubach’s, near Farmerstown, 
it proved too thin and was enveloped in a very tough sandstone. 
At John Croft’s, in south-western German (Section 24), there is 
either a duplication of this seam, or, more likely, a close approach (2 
& 
