COAL MINES OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. 869 
in the south-eastern townships the strata extend to and include three 
or four coal seams above the horizon of the Pittsburgh coal. 
The geology of the county has been treated at some length in the 
report of Andrews, Vol. I, Chapter XII, and also in Stevenson’s report 
in Volume III, Chapter LXIII, and to these reports the reader is 
referred for the details of stratification and the facts of the general 
structure of the county. 
The Lower Coal Measures, in particular, are shown in their whole 
extent and in unusually short and compact sections. ‘The sections are, 
however, somewhat aborted. From the valley of Jonathan’s Creek, 
near Uniontown, in which the Newtonville limestone of Chester lime- 
stone age is found in strong development, we can ascend ina single hill 
to the level of the Lower Freeport coal, at least, and possibly to the 
Upper Freeport horizon, but in the section only two of the coal seams 
that are due are found of economic value, and several are altogether 
wanting. There is no trace of the Sharon or Quakertown coals, Nos. 
1 and 2, and none of the Clarion coals. These sections are shown on 
page 99 of the present volume. 
There are but three seams of the Lower Coal Measures that attain 
any considerable importance in Muskingum county, viz.: 
Upper Freeport coal, known as No. 7. 
Middle Kittanning coal ‘“ 4 6. 
Lower Fe sf is 5. 
In addition to these seams, which are mined in the large way, small 
coal banks are opened in the coal seam oelow the Putnam Hill limestone, 
in the seams under the two Mercer limestones, and especially in the 
lower of the two. Stevenson describes banks also in the lower horizons 
of the Quakertown and Sharon coals, Nos. 1 and 2, but there is very 
little value in any or in all of this list. 
In Hopewell township, along the line of the National road, there 
are several small mines opened in the Lower Mercer coal (Coal No. 3), 
which have yielded fuel to the immediate neighborhood for a number of 
years. This coal has been generally referred to the Putnam Hill lime- 
stone horizon, but the reference originated in the error that prevailed 
for some years as to the place of this limestone, it having been confounded 
with the Lower Mercer limestone. The Hopewell coal is probably the 
Lower Mercer coal (Coal No. 3). Itis mined by James Dick, Esq., 
and has been mined in years past on the Porter farms, and also upon 
