COAL MINES OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. 875 
The false roof is also increased, or there is added to ita distinct seam of 
what is called bone coal, a bed 6 to 12 inches in thickness and a true 
coal, but too high in ash to be marketable. Also in following the seam 
southward through the deep valley of the Muskingum until it finally 
sinks below drainage, we find upon the extreme boundary its measures 
reduced and its quality impaired. 
The mines in this seam, in Monroe, Adams, Madison, Cass, Mus- 
kingum, Falls and Springfield are mainly country banks, each one 
giving place to two or three miners at most for the fall and winter 
months. The workings are generally characterized by lack of skill, 
and thus want of true economy. It is outcrop coal that is chiefly mined, 
because it is more easily reached. There is, however, a large acreage 
of the seam that awaits development in the townships named. There is 
the least amount in Cass, Muskingum, Falls and Springfield, the coal 
here rising high in the hills to its western outcrop. The range in thick- 
ness throughout this entire region is between 3 and 3% feet. The 
seam no doubt exists to the eastward of the northern townships named. 
In Perry and Salem, particularly, it is due within moderate distance 
below the main valleys, and there is every reason to expect that it will 
be found of fair mining volume when properly tested. 
- In Washington township, a considerable and at some times a large 
production has been maintained for many years. The coal has found 
market by the Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley, and the Baltimore 
and Ohio railroads, upon which the mines are situated. The front hills 
are already mainly exhausted, but a large acreage is still available and 
tributary to these lines of outlet. 
Coal Dale, on the Baltimore and Ohio Road, has been a chief 
center of production, and work is still going forward at this point and 
in the immediate vicinity. Horton, Matthews and Taylor are now 
mining on a larger scale than any others in this neighborhood. Their 
coal in one mine is at present running below the normal measure of the 
seam. It is the bottom bench, as usual, that suffers. This is here 
reduced, for a small area, to 4 inches, and the whole seam thus shrinks 
to 23 feet, but in adjacent property the coal measures 3 feet 4 inches, 
the lower bench being 1 foot thick. The Zanesville glass-houses obtain 
_ their fuel from these mines. The composition of the coal, as sampled 
for the survey by Mr. E. C. Downerd, is as follows: 
