COAL MINES OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. 877 
ship, mining has been carried on quite extensively for many years. Salt 
boiling is now abandoned, but the mines are kept in operation for the 
river supply of coal. The seam is thinner than at the Owen’s mine, 
not averaging more than 3 feet. 
The direction of the river valley through Wayne, Brush Creek 
and Harrison townships is but little south of east, and consequently the 
fall of the strata in descending the valley is well marked. , The coal 
seam that we are following has an elevation of about 200 feet above 
slack water at Putnam Hill. At Ballou’s Landing it is only about 90 
feet above the same level. It lies at the water’s edge opposite the lower 
end of the Taylorsville lock. The seam here has the following struc- 
ture: 
False roof. 
Coalalatyganduinterigretrss.c..ccus, wenscectitec sec uoscce sient cece tesacseeds 16-18 inches. 
BAT UID Sp eee ene Reese aes o seas lubes save cseeachOacemesstcseecocscessses nO et eene 2 e 
Coallower emcees seatcels-scnecclsute dace SSOISHOE OEE EO MEP REE RCE DE EEE 14 ef 
The seam is verging to its southern limit apparently at this point. 
There is scarcely a farm between Zanesville and Taylorsville in 
which the coal has not been mined; there is not one in which the seam 
is not known to be present. 
The greater thickness of the coal at the Owens mine has already 
been mentioned, but the further statement is needed, that it is the 
lower bench that makes the principal increase. At Zanesville and north- 
ward, this bench varies from 4 to 10 inches in thickness, but at the 
Owens mine it is 15 inches thick. The change is an important one, for 
the seam is soon to undergo the most marked transformation that is 
experienced by any coal seam in our entire scale, and this is the 
beginning of it. This lower bench maintains its increase even where 
the whole volume of the seam is diminished, as at Taylorsville, as has 
heen already shown. 
In Brush Creek, Clay and the eastern half of Newton townships, 
the seam is constant in its occurrence. Wherever it is due, there it is 
found. In Sections 27 and 34, Newton township, shipping mines are 
opened on the line of the railroad. The Del Carbo mines have yielded 
a large amount of coal from both the Kittanning seams, but only the 
upper seam is at present mined here. Numerous farmers’ banks are 
opened in the coal throughout this territory. At and’about Roseville, 
in Clay township, mining is carried on upon a somewhat larger scale, 
