894 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
The line of outcrop passing south from Madison enters Clayton 
township in Section 5. On the farm of William Pettit, Sen., in this 
section, the lower coal has been worked. Its thickness is reported to be 
4 feet and 7 inches, but no opportunities for measurement are no\y 
afforded. The Clarion coal (No. 4a of the local scale) is also reported 
15 or 20 feet below the seam named above. It was found 15 inches 
thick, which is about the usual measurement. 
In Section 9, both coals have been worked in several small mines. 
‘They are found in their usual condition. 
The Lower Freeport coal has also been opened in this section by | 
T. F. Skinner, who found it an undivided seam, 34 feet in thickness, 
and with a roof of gray shale. 
On Sections 11 and 12, the Lower Kittanning clay has been mined 
to some extent on the farms of David Amrine and R. L. Henderson for 
the two potteries established at Saltillo. Coal is also mined in both 
sections. 
On Section 14, directly south of Section 11, the Lower Kittanning 
‘Coal (No. 5) is mined on the farm of Mrs. Ann B. Mulroy. A measure- 
ment taken here at the head of the entry showed 3 feet 5 inches of coal 
in a solid bed, without partings. The upper seam is also present 
throughout all the territory referred to. 
The New Mines of the Columbus and Eastern Railway Co. 
It is on this section that the Columbus and Eastern Railway has 
established its present terminus, viz., the village of Redfield. Three 
mines, with excellent equipment, are now being opened at this point, 
two in the lower seam and one in the upper. 
The Lower Kittanning coal here exhibits its normal phases. It is 
a bright, handsome coal, burning freely and holding fire well. It has 
a somewhat uneven floor, carries an average thickness of a little less 
than 4 feet, is undivided, except that a thin streak of bone sometimes 
appears near the top. The roof is unusually strong and safe. Its 
structure and surroundings are shown in the accompanying figure: 
