CHA PWR )xovenlk: 
THE COAL SEAMS OF THE LOWER COAL MEASURES 
OF OHIO—ConrtTINUED. 
MINES OF VINTON AND JACKSON COUNTIES. 
By EDWARD ORTON. 
Section I._Mines of Vinton county. 
Section I1.—Mines of Jackson Shaft and Wellston Fields. By Andrew Roy. 
Section III.—Mines of Jackson County, above the Wellston Coal. 
In the map which accompanies this chapter, the following 
geological features of Vinton and Jackson counties are represented, 
viz.: (1), the outer margin of the Coal Measures, and (2), the outer 
margin of the Ferriferous limestone. The extent of the Ferriferous 
limestone is also indicated in a general way. The first boundary is 
taken from Newberry’s Geological Map of the State; it is not 
claimed for the second that it represents all of the sinuosities of 
the real margin, much less that the work of erosion upon the original 
sheet is properly represented on it. The westernmost points are well 
located, but there is no map of these counties that furnishes a ready basis 
for laying down such boundaries in detail, for the reason that the minor 
drainage streams are not represented. Many consecutive square miles 
are shown upon the best maps available without a single stream. As the 
topography depends upon the valleys of erosion, and as the outcrops of 
the strata are adjusted to the topography, it is evident that an accurate 
outline of the outcrop of any stratum would involve the making of an 
accurate map of the drainage system of the region involved. But 
such an undertaking transcended the limits of the present Survey. 
The minor details in the distribution of the Ferriferous limestone, 
particularly in Jackson county, are therefore not to be looked for 
upon the accompanying map, but the areas are shown within which 
this leading element is due when the topography admits. It would 
