COAL MINES OF JACKSON COUNTY. 1009 
are brought into close proximity. Where the Wellston or Hill coal 
approaches closest to Jackson Court House, the horizontal distance 
between the fields is small, but it is unfortunately too large to render 
the measurement of the vertical interval that has been deduced from 
the facts as here shown an authoritative one. 
One of the most anomalous series of measurements is obtained a 
mile or two directly east of Jackson Court House. The measurements 
which follow were made by Mr. Brown, with a spirit level. 
On lot 66, Lick township, on the land of Ambrose Scott, a hole 
was drilled to the Shaft coal, which was found at a depth of 110 feet. 
This puts it at about the same depth with the coal in adjacent mines 
of the Jackson Shaft coal field. On the same lot, there are extensive 
developments of the Lower Mercer limestone. It has been quarried 
largely here for furnace flux. It is crowded with fossils, and is in all 
respects thoroughly characteristic. Moreover, the upper members of 
the series appear in their appropriate places in the hills above. 
The distances from the Shaft coal to the Lower Mercer limestone 
on this lot are 138 and 142 feet in two separate measurements. The 
Wellston is found in several instances in its own field 120 feet below 
the same limestone, and thus it appears that the Shaft coal, in an un- 
mistakable occurrence of it, is but 20 feet from the possible horizon of 
the Wellston coal. 
In Section 25, Jackson township, a coal seam has been opened and 
worked on the land of J. Wilson Case, while almost directly above it, 
at an interval of about 125 feet, an unequivocal deposit of the Wellston 
or Hill seam has been quite largely worked on the Spanknebel farm. 
The identity of the lower seam with the Shaft coal would not, perhaps, 
be acknowledged by all. 
The Shaft coal generally rests upon a conglomerate, pronounced 
and coarse, but the seam is everywhere covered also by a conglomerate 
sandstone, in which good sized pebbles, inch in diameter, are often 
found. Occasionally the upper conglomerate is as coarse as the lower. 
The several conglomerates that occur in this general field are in 
fact one source of the confusion that prevails as to the true order. 
The Waverly conglomerate is in strong force within this district. 
There are, besides, the conglomerate below, and the one above the 
Jackson Shaft coal. As has been abundantly proved, the Carboniferous 
64 G. 
