MORROW COUNTY. 265 
county line. The excavation by the creek is, on an average, about 
twenty-five feet in the slate. Many of the little ravines joining the 
ereek show it in their banks. In the south-western part of the township 
of Peru are what are known as ‘slate knobs” along the Olentangy, 
which have a sparseness of soil and too easy drainage, making them poor 
for agriculture. 
At Westfield the black slate is exposed in the banks of the Hast Branch 
of the Olentangy, on the land of J. B. Trindle. It was also struck in 
digging for the foundations for the flouring mill half a mile below West- 
field. 
The Drift—The whole county is heavily covered with northern Drift. 
Tt embraces stones of all sizes, irregular patches of stratified gravel and 
sand, and much clay. The mass of the whole is made up of that usually 
denominated “blue clay,” although the blue color is only found at the 
depth of fifteen or twenty feet, the action of the air and water on the 
iron and other substances contained in it having produced hydrated, im- 
pure peroxides that pervade the soils and the clay to about that depth. 
The Drift is usually perfectly unassorted; yet at Mt. Gilead, where there 
seems to have been an accumulation of standing water about the foot of 
the glacier, the upper portion of the Drift clay is very fine, and free from 
stones and gravel. This clay here also shows the exceptional character 
of stratification, although the lamine are considerably disturbed, not 
lying so true and nearly horizontal as in the laminated clays at Fremont 
or at Cleveland. The average thickness of the Drift would probably not 
exceed forty feet. It seems to be thicker in the northern part of the 
county than in the southern. 
About a mile above Mt. Gilead the left bank of the East Branch of the 
Olentangy consists, so far as seen, of hard-pan, containing bowlders 
throughout from top to bottom, and measures sixty-four feet nine inches. 
This was a fresh exposure, where the washing over the dam had laid it 
bare. Only ten feet of the blue hard-pan can be seen, the lower portion 
being hid by debris. The thickness of the oxidated Drift was about 
elghteen feet. One very large northern bowlder was seen projecting 
from the bank, just above the lowest part of the brown hard-pan. Half 
a mile below Westfield the banks of the same creek show thirty-one feet 
seven inches of Drift, made up according to the following section, in 
descending order : , 
SECTION OF THE Drirt NEAR WestTFIELD, Morrow County. 
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