282 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
north-west corner of Porter township Mr. Seymour Chambers owns a 
small opening in beds that belong to the Berea. The quarry is in the 
left bank of Walnut Creck, and shows five feet of beds that are from 
two to three inches in thickness. In the N. E. 4 section 4, Kingston, 
Mr. James Stark has opened the Berea along the Little Walnut. The 
beds are thin, varying from two to four inches. 
In general, the Berea grit in Delaware county is a very excellent stone 
for all purposes of building, and is very extensively wrought at Sunbury. 
It appears, however, to be of a finer grain than in the northern part of 
the State, and the massive beds that characterize it in Lorain county 
are entirely wanting. 
Cleveland Shale-—The Bedford shale, which occurs below the Berea in 
the northern part of the State, seems not to exist in Delaware county. 
The Cleveland, likewise, has not been certainly identified. This is 
partly owing to the meagerness of the exposure of the beds of that hori- 
zon in Delaware county, and partly to the difficulty of distinguishing, 
without fossils, the Cleveland from the black slate (Huron shale). This 
uncertainty is augmented by the attenuation or non-existence of the 
Krie shale, which separates them by a wide interval in the northern 
part of the State. There are a few exposures of black or blackish shale 
in the banks of Walnut Creek in Berkshire township that may be 
referred to the Cleveland. 
This stratigraphical horizon is also exposed below Mr. James Stark’s 
quarry, on section 4, in Kingston township, near a saw-mill. Fragments 
of sandstone and of silicious limestone are strewn along the bed of the 
creek, mingled with northern bowlders. The limestone bed from which 
these fragments were derived was met in digging for the foundations of 
the mill. It is in a single bed, and is comparable to that which occurs 
at South Woodbury, in Morrow county. It is here, however, five to eight 
inches thick, and is said to be inclosed in the shale. The shale is blue, 
yarying to purplish, through the presence of bituminous matter. It 
crumbles under the weather. Passing from the mill, a few rods down 
the creek there are seen two beds of this limestone, the upper about one 
and a half inches in thickness and the other about three inches. They 
are separated by four inches of shale, and have a coarse-grained, rusty 
coating, as at Mandeville’s quarry in North Bloomfield, Morrow county. 
Huron Shale.—This shale has a full development in Delaware county. 
Its outcropping belt is from eight to ten miles wide, and is divided by 
Alum Creek into about equal parts. It graduates downward into a shale 
which is much less bituminous and has a bluish color, and which les 
directly on the blue limestone quarried at Delaware. It has occasional 
