428 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
stone above described. It seems to belong to a large bowlder brought 
from the north-east at such an angle with the strike of the Devonian as 
to bring it over the higher beds of the blue limestone, depositing it six 
or eight miles to the north of the nearest outcrop of its native beds, 
though probably many miles from the place of its origin. This bowlder 
is similar to others of the same formation that have been discovered in 
north-western Ohio. That particular portion of the Devonian limestones 
seems to have had a peculiar tenacity under the forces of the glacial 
period, large pieces from it being more numerous in the Drift than from 
any other. This bowlder has been found to extend in one direction at 
least thirty feet, and to have a width of at least fifteen feet. At one end, 
where some quarrying has been done, it has a thickness of eight feet, 
with “washed sand” below. It dips north-west, at a slight angle. Its 
surface is about six feet higher than the water of the Maumee. It lies 
twenty rods from the channel. Men, in “driving” logs down the river 
in spring-time, report rock in the bottom of the river near the place of 
the bowlder, and the river shows a decided ripple at that point. There 
are no black slate fragments along the river bank, nor in the river. It 
must be admitted that these facts point strongly to the probably undis- 
turbed condition of this Corniferous outcrop. Its position, however, with 
respect to the general trend of the strike of the formation, and especially 
with the outcrop at Antwerp, in Paulding county, is anomalous. It is 
wholly disregarded in the coloring of the accompanying geological map. 
While this exposure, being to the north of the supposed trend of the Cor- 
niferous, has an influence toward the movement of the colored Cornifer- 
ous belt several miles northward, the similar indications of a Corniferous, 
or Hamilton, area in the central portion of Paulding county (see report 
on that county) draw the area of the same formation toward the south. 
- The Drift—The Drift in Defiance county exhibits the most interesting 
characters. It can be described best by taking them in the following 
order : . 
1. Hard-pan, or bowlder clay. 
2. Horizontal laminations of fine clay. 
3. Oblique and various strata of sand and gravel. 
4, lLacustrine, unstratified sand. 
5. The ridges. 
The hard-pan, or bowlder clay, which is spread out over most of the 
county, and rises to the surface, constituting the bulk of the Drift every 
where in the Fourth Geological District, also underlies those portions 
that are superficially covered with fine, horizontal, clay formations. It 
may be seen in the banks of the Maumee and the Auglaize at a great 
