464. GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
tivation. There is less limestone in the hills than would be desirable. 
There are some layers of it, but they generally lie too low to fertilize large 
areas. The rock strata are chiefly sandstone and shales. The only coal 
seen is the Hobson seam, the geological position of which is about one 
hundred feet above the Cumberland seam, and about one hundred and 
ninety feet above the Pomeroy seam. This coal was seen on the land of 
S. 8. Smith, section 18, but no measurements could be made to determine 
the thickness of the seam. About one hundred and twenty feet above 
the coal was found a deposit of iron ore from two to three feet thick. 
(See Map XI., No. 6.) The ore is apparently a bog ore, but Mr. Gilbert 
reports that it appears to be imbedded in shale. Like most bog ores, it is 
rich in manganese, but the analysis showed it to be very lean in iron. 
The metallic iron, as determined by Prof. Wormley, is only 9.72 per cent., 
while the manganese is 5.90 per cent. This ore is said to cover a consid- 
erable area in this neighborhood. A geological section was taken on the 
farm of John Breckenridge, on Whitewater Creek, a branch of Wolf 
Creek, in the northern part of the township, which is as follows: 
Ft. In. 
Lewteavy sandstone) (estimated tec. sccereeesencon ont nee creeee ae eeees aoacoreenes 50 0 
Dem Clays nwathbulamestone mm COnCrelonseace eset eee tereeee eee eee 6 0 
3... Limestone and shale .iccc.cis.ccseseawes scasecsordssese econ cionsstebencee see eeaeeees 4 0 
Aue Shales; Tredlan Glue cscs cccoscosstecesdcwesoumeetce sameness sa ehiles ube teseeetncate 15 0 
5. lard: } bl we dim estone ere, eee eee wcbt ha ae coves tena ate ue cee ee dee eee © 
Ga GNOb SCOT eee ecko sis ncuwee dtplenscuavelnweneorad cabs scteecnaien poacio seca n eines tauenmnn 10 0 
Ws, vlsaminated San AStONe ksiwsccasoeccecetnesccsecse oestrus ee ceeen eee onto eee eee 15 0 
Se METCAV VESADGStONGE: <i ccsiccebeases nine soeeas sacesacusloscescecescstesecesmsuerascnen eect 20 0 
Bed of Whitewater, at Brown’s Mill. 
By following down Wolf Creek we find the great limestone group of 
Wolf.Creek coming in about twenty-five feet below the heavy sandstone, 
the No. 8 of the last section. The upper fifteen feet of the space is filled 
with a sandy shale, below which is a layer of limestone. The remaining 
space was not seen. It is a great misfortune for all this region that the 
fine deposit of limestone in the bed of Wolf Creek could not have been 
located high up in the hills, for it is of little fertilizing value where it 
now is. 
- Some traces of coal were seen on Mr. Breckenridge’s farm in a little 
branch, but the exact stratigraphical position of the seam could not be 
determined. It may possibly be the Hobson coal, or, more probably, it 
is a very thin seam that comes in a little higher. In Waterford town- 
ship a thin seam is seen about one hundred and ten feet above the great 
limestone group. This thin seam was noticed in several places in Palmer 
ownship. On the land of Mr. Wm. Leggett, near the middle of the 
township, it was one foot thick. 
