AS4. GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 
This is a double carbonate of lime and magnesia, with such proportions 
of silica and alumina as would indicate some value as a waterlime. It 
is worthy of practical investigation. The most important seam of coal 
in Salem township is the upper one, which is here locally called the 
“sandstone seam,” because of the heavy sandstone generally found above 
it. This sandrock is not entirely persistent, for in some places it does 
not appear, at least not in a heavy body. This seam of coal is one of 
wide extent, being found in a large number of counties in the Second 
Geological District. Its place is generally from eighty-five to one hun- 
dred feet above the Pomeroy seam. It has no better development than 
on the waters of Duck Creek. It has already been referred to as the 
Bear Creek seam of coal. There the coal, in all its physical structure, is 
somewhat different from that of the coal of the same seam on the Hast 
Fork of Duck Creek, and on the West Fork at Macksburg, Newburg, etc. 
This is due to the different conditions under which the coal was depos- 
ited. The same seam shows much the same characteristics on the farm 
of Samuel J. Hazen, near the head of Whipple’s Branch of Pigeon Run. 
The coal here is four feet thick, with three inches of black slate under it: 
and ten inches of similar slate over it. Above the latter slate is a mass 
of blue clay mottled with red. Here no heavy sandrock appears over 
- the coal. In former years considerable coal from the Hazen bank was 
taken by wagons to Marietta. It has a pretty large percentage of ash, 
but in other respects is a good coal. To the north the seam may be 
traced, in varying thickness, to the north line of this township. Its 
finest development is probably on the East Fork and in the hills be- 
tween the two forks. I have seen few openings on the lower part of the 
West Fork, but where I have found the coal it is thinner; but it thick- 
ens again in Aurelius and to the north. The coal is well seen on the 
farm of Vincent Payne, on Coal Run Branch of Pawpaw Creek, where 
the seam presents the following structure: 
Coaluppenbemchyiy erssccste ye spbescceececersiinan atch ncldedasttsseeteeetiane steele pica ORITTe 
Clay parting... TM eae SUELO Meena stan Seae\ca tie shits She urecameenmate One mal tie 
Coal, ipwerbenchy, dill ac asa tase OseauWt tcieteatal tats sits ciate eualeslselseee rate Oren aie 
Making a total of coal of six foot one on ih Seas of this coal was 
analyzed by Prof. Wormley, but I think it not a fair representative sam- 
ple, from the exceptionally large ash. The coal was dried at 212°, and 
no record is given of the loss of moisture: 
Specific QTAVIEY.......csoerceee sscecee seccee coves eovoercoeees nnvece soeees vocees Neadhat seats 1.352 
Nl Oe LASHER EERIE RYAN AE eo. AGS Bee ODD BE BEEBiGacHco boccod'o00ce00 dadadcdoa 12.95 
WiGlAttil es Wn Atte Toca la secs ces occ seee Cos Monee eee eee ae Mans cclivo us vile eee eal eareeeenee ne 37.50 
ROG CAT DOME acca eced salva le senees ee eee eee tea ee cyaseiesias ec ectee ealeciacenececeemarscteenctss 49.55 
DO ball iameseseusns couse ecenisos vets NESE ealaueauueveieeeesseaeleacecensoncemeneanaemeaeiennees 100.00 
