572 GEOLOGY OF.OHIO. 
there are undulations in the strata which change locally the direction 
of the dip. 
In section 7, in this township, the coal of the Cumberland seam is re- 
ported to be only one foot eight inches thick. It will be hereafter seen 
that as we go eastward this seam of coal becomes thin, and of far lees 
value than in Noble county. 
Dim traces of a higher seam were seen in section 8. This is a coal 
horizon, but the seam is never found to be of much importance. 
SENECA TOWNSHIP. 
This is the north-western township in the county. It is intersected by 
several branches of Wills Creek, which have, during the ages, made for 
themselves beautiful and fertile valleys. There is also generally lime- 
stone enough in the hills to make the soil of the hill-sides productive. 
The streams rise in the high lands to the east and south-east, in Summit 
and Malaga townships. Traces of four seams of coal were seen in pass- 
ing from the valley at Calais to Miltonsburg, in Malaga township; but 
at the time of the examination we learned of no openings where ac- 
curate measurements could be made. Since that time I have heard that 
openings have been made into some of the seams. The two lower seams 
are pretty low in the hills, while the others are quite high. 
The geological section from Calais to Miltonsburg is as follows: 
Ft. In. 
1. Blossom of coal. 
Doi IN OT SO STM elas ok Wee canes oie lcee ved sate Coealee eve ree ec ae ete cde ditae ILI Sk RUN IS a 45 0 
3. Limestone (not measured). 
Ae NOG SCCM Led eaeaesleceeu ob ene ietee ee Gee OORN SNORE alee ate a eet SRL RENE Nae oo Ne 92 0 
5. Blossom of coal. 
NGzs Ch terval not SECM es .cecederioecs cewek see eee eee ee aI NUN TEH Laeneera nae 193 0 
7. Blossom of coal. 
roontuiiea) Olt a6 Koy co) Eh RSS re ea ORE Mer GEA ee ee Gadus oanuedo os BW) 
GIA Bure MlimMestOme eerie ceseecdse weceeeseolseene ses Baty gale cele SURE eau en chee aru MS et 7 0 
MOS ESAS eee See cee eee ee eae a eee SEN UEP HALAL EAU aa 2 a ea SRO a eto 6 0 
I) Sandstone, withisomersiial yeast wr eel eee waaay need ante 20 0 
12. Blossom of coal. 
n Bs FONT He Mee ie re eg a SC eS A RR el Ca REA HRB GGG CCAGO 16 0 
14 KW BOE TIMEStON eG ieee eee SAA Ae BIE ual tata gaat isla a operas We @) 
PHS SS a Oeeias codea coe cee habia W oeeamare aa wee case eaten bate eee eis a ea lt cacrc ene T UAE CARL Natomas se elstat 4 0 
TOM Buti (Limestone eee eee ee eee ee at IE ARN ALi Mate amare tg aa ad Mae 4 0 
(Map XIIL., No. 1.) 
The coal No. 5 in the above section was thought to be ie equivalent 
of a thin seam seen in the deepest cut on the Central Ohio Railroad, in 
Goshen township, Belmont county. Coal No. 7 in the section is sup- 
