SALT IN THE SECOND GEOLOGICAL DISTRICT. 
Salt is made in the following counties in the Second Geological Dis- 
trict: Meigs, Athens, Perry, Morgan, Muskingum, Noble, and Guernsey. 
In former days salt was madé in Jackson county, and a little in Scioto, 
and, possibly, a very small quantity in one or two other counties. Brine 
of greater or less strength has been found in wells bored for oil in almost 
all the counties in the district. The geological formation which affords 
the supply of brine used at the various salt-works is the Carboniferous, 
and chiefly the lower member of it, viz., the Waverly. In many places 
in railroad cuts, and similar exposures, we find the salt appearing as an 
efflorescence on the face of the rock. Where the Waverly constitutes 
high ridges, with ample opportunity for the drainage of the waters 
which have for ages percolated through the sandrock, it has been found 
that the saline elements have been removed, and the water within the 
rock is now fresh. 
A well bored at the State Reform School, om the high lands south-west 
of Lancaster, into the Waverly Eweicinarate affords fresh water. But 
where the Waverly has dipped below the. surface, and passed under the 
productive Coal Measures, we find almost universally more or less brine 
in the wells which penetrate it. The salt-works on the Ohio River, in 
Meigs county; on the Hocking River, on Monday Creek, in Perry county ; 
on the Muskingum River, in Muskingum and Morgan counties; and the 
Scott works, in Guernsey county, all draw their chief supply of brine 
from the Waverly. The small. works at Olive, Noble county, obtain 
brine from a sandrock in the Coal Measures. It is probable that in sey- 
eral wells at other points named brine from the upper, or Coal-Measure 
sandrocks, is mingled with Waverly brine, the upper brine not being 
tubed off; but as a rule the chief supply comes from the Waverly sand- 
stone. The depth at which the Waverly is reached varies with the loca- 
tion of the well. | 
The wells at the salt-works in Athens and Perry counties, being nearer 
the outcrop of the Waverly, are less deep than at Pomeroy, as are also the 
wells in Muskingum less deep as a rule than those in Morgan. The 
wells at Pomeroy are proximately one thousand feet deep. Those at 
Salina, in Athens county, are scarcely six hundred. The M’Cuneville 
wells on Monday Creek, in Perry county, are nearly nine hundred feet 
deep below the surface, which is one hundred and fifty feet below the 
