ROSS COUNTY. 7 649 
lent state of preservation, can hardly be called rare. The tecth and 
plates are the parts generally, shown. In a small run that cros-es the 
old Marietta road, three miles above Chillicothe, interesting slabs were 
found. 
This slate contains sulphuret of iron in considerable quantity, and the 
water that descends through it is, consequently, charged with the prod- 
ucts of the decomposition of this substance. Sulphur springs often 
mark its outcrops. A spring of this kind, quite well known in the 
north-eastern quarter of the county, finds its way through the slate on 
the north side of Sugar-Loaf Mountain, near the south line of Green 
township. The slates have a thickness of twenty feet at this point, and 
are overlain by a heavy and interesting section of the upper Waverly. 
6. This last named division, the upper Waverly, including every 
thing in the series above the Waverly black slate and below the Carbon- 
iferous series, remains to be briefly characterized. It constitutes a valu- 
able clement in the county geological scale, absolutely and relatively 
more valuable than the same member in Pike county. The extreme 
thickness of this division does not exceed four hundred and twenty-five 
feet in any single section. A greater thickness of these beds may, per- 
haps, be found in the north-eastern corner of the county, where the series 
is certainly quite different from that observed in the south-eastern sec- 
tion. In Liberty and in Jefferson townships the upper beds of the Wa- 
verly are reduced in thickness, and the place is supplied by a heavy de- 
posit of Carboniferous conglomerate, as in the adjacent districts of Pike 
and Jackson counties. Single sections of considerable extent and in- 
terest are found in Mount Logan, opposite Chillicothe; in Sugar Loaf 
Mountain, three miles above; in Rattlesnake Knob, Liberty township; 
and ulso in the highest points of Huntington and Franklin townships. 
But few points in the composition of the series demand consideration 
here. Its economical value, to which reference has already been made, 
lies principally in the fine development of the Buena Vista courses in 
the south-eastern portion of the county, and especially in Franklin and 
Jefferson townships. A great amount of most desirable and accessible 
building stone is exposed in the first named township, on the western 
bank of the Scioto River. The quarries of J. HE. Higby are more largely 
worked, and therefore more widely known, than any other. They are 
located upon the line of the canal, which furnishes convenient and 
cheap transportation. Asin the Gregg quarry at Waverly, the stone is 
all furnished by asingle course, eight feet in thickness. The course can 
easily be split into two courses of equal thickness. All of the quarry- 
ing hus thus far been done along the margins of the hills, where the 
