REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1907 35 
of 1907 has demonstrated beyond all question the practicability of . 
controlling the San José scale by thorough applications of a lime- 
‘sulfur wash or other material in early spring. This is true not 
only in young’orchards where it is comparatively easy to cover all 
_the trees,: but’ also in larger commercial orchards where spraying 1s 
considerably more difficult. 
The lime-sulfur wash continues to hcld its place as a standard 
remedy for San José scale. The majority make the application in 
early spring just before the buds begin to swell, and the results 
have been uniformly stccessful. Furthermcre, growers of pears 
are coming to see in this wash a practical remedy for the pear 
poyllamCesywella sw piyentice ola Borst) tan, insect which in, recent 
years has been exceedingly destructive in some sections of the State. 
It is also of considerable service in checking the oyster scale 
Gereprkcrocrayoyiese emt einns) thee scuniy, bari. louse 
(Chionmac pice fur iunta, hitch and possibly tovsome extent, 
plant lice or aphids. In addition, it possesses, as is well recognized 
at the present time, valuable fungicidal properties. The benefits re- 
ceived in this latter direction are, in the estimation of some of 
eur best fruit growers, more than sufficient to cover the cost of 
Spraying. There can be at the present time no question as to the 
value of the lime-sulfur wash, so far as controlling San José scale 
and several other insects is concerned, and even more important 
than this it is an absolutely safe application. This latter is some- 
thing of considerable moment to a man interested in producing the 
largest quantity of high class fruit curing a series of years. 
There has been in the past considerable objection to the employ- 
ment of the lime-sulfur wash, partly because of the labor necessary 
to make the preparation and particularly on account of its caustic 
properties rendering spraying therewith exceedingly disagreeable 
for all concerned. This insistent demand has led to the develop- 
ment of a number of miscible or so called “soluble oils”? which 
have been put on the market under a variety of trade names. Cer- 
tain of these have been used with considerable success, so far as 
immediate results are concerned, by some of our best fruit growers. 
The cost per gallon, for example, is considerably greater than. that 
of the lime-sulfur wash, but on the other hand a diluted gallon of 
this material will cover a much larger surface than does the lime- 
sulfur wash and spreads more easily, thus making it possible to 
Spray rapidly and in part offset the increased cost of the material. 
Furthermore, and this is important in sections where winds are 
