no. 1603. KFORAMINIFERA FROM THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS—BAGG. 115 
Foraminifera (1902); and d’Orbigny’s Foraminifera of the Vienna 
Basin (1846), which have been found indispensable. 
There are some anomalies concerning the bathymetric range of a 
number of species mentioned in this report. The occurrence of few 
deep-water types in those stations beyond 1,000 fathoms is not easily 
accounted for, but 1t must be remembered that many of these Fora- 
minifera are of almost universal distribution, and some that are rec- 
ognized and described are not at all common or abundant and would 
not be considered as determining the probable depth of the ocean 
from whence they came. Systematists on the Foraminifera can not 
be too careful on this point. It is well known that the temperature 
of the great oceans is fairly constant below a few hundred fathoms, 
and the distribution of life is on the whole quite largely dependent 
upon the distribution of the food supply as well as upon temperature 
of the water in which these organisms live. Then again some forms 
are pelagic in habit and can easily be found after death in bottom 
material in an occasional specimen. It is but proper to state that 
we have considerable evidence of rather shallow water, say not over 
500 fathoms, in the material studied, while the facts show that a 
number of the stations are considerably over 1,000 fathoms in depth. 
Those species which reach their maximum development and are most 
abundant in each station determine more safely the relative depth 
than do any occasional specimens obtained from the same locality. 
Bryozoa, Mollusca, both lamellibranchs and gastropods, are found in 
a number of bottles, also fragments of shells from stations below 200 
fathoms, and this is rather hard to explain unless they have been 
carried outward by tidal or other ocean currents in rapid motion. 
The greatest variety of forms was obtained at Station 4694, from 
which 62 species were determined. The smallest number (4) came 
from Station 4579, where the material was chiefly mechanical sedi- 
ment. Mollusca were present in some of the dredgings, particularly 
tiny gastropods, with an occasional lamellibranch, often very beauti- 
fully colored. Ostracoda of several genera were quite prominent. 
Diatoms and radiolarians in a few instances were met with, also 
fragments of corals and bryozoans. In a few bottles small mouth 
plates of fishes were present. There were a large number of sponge 
spicules (siliceous), and in some bottles fragments of volcanic glass 
and lJand-derived sand grains with opalescent quartz. Phosphatic 
nodules which dissolve very readily in acids appear in some 
localities. 
Most of the Foraminifera in this collection belong to calcareous 
types with perforate tests, but the Miliolide are well represented in 
some stations. The species Candeina nitida, Globigerina wquilater- 
alis, Globigerina bulloides, Orbulina universa, Pulvinulina menardi, 
and Pulvinulina micheliniana are present in nearly every station’s 
