no. 1630. JEWISH CHREMONIALS—ADLER AND CASANOWICZ. 715 
56. Prayer Suawn (tallith).—Made of white silk with blue stripes 
on the borders. Measurements, 6 feet 6 inches long, 2 feet wide. 
(Cat. No. 30296, U.S.N.M.) | 
Gift of Hon. N. Taylor Phillips. 
57. Prayer Suawt (tallith) —Made of rose-colored silk with varie- 
gated stripes. Measurements, 4 feet 5 inches long; 17 inches wide. 
(Cat. No. 3653, U.S.N.M.) 
Lent by Tela eh Ephraim Benguiat. 
58. Prayer SuHawt (tallith)—Made of white w sol embroidered in 
silk with the “ Shield of David ” (Zagen-David, an hexagonal star), 
and the inscription in Hebrew: “ Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a 
fruitful bough by a well, whose branches run over the wall.” (Gene- 
sis xlix, 22.) Mencuremente: 3 feet Re 2 feet 8 inches wide. (Cat. 
No. 3654, U.S.N.M.) 
Lent by Hadji Ephraim Benguiat. 
59. Praypr SHAw.L (tallith)—Made of nlite silk with blue bor- 
ders. Inclosed in a gilded frame. Measurements (of the frame), 28 
by 214 inches. (Cat. No. 248924, U.S.N.M.) 
Lent by Hadji Ephraim Benguiat. 
60. Arpa Kanrorn (four-cornered garment).—Made of wool. (See 
p. 14.) Measurements, 3 feet by 17 inches. (Cat. No. 154578, 
U.S.N.M.) 
Gift of Mr. Simon Dalsheimer. 
61. Frrners (¢7e¢7th).—made of woolen threads. (See p. 714.) 
Tiberias, Palestine. (Cat. No. 154457, U.S.N.M.) 
Gift of Mrs. B. F. Ulman. 
III. OBJECTS USED ON FESTIVALS. 
SABBATH. 
The Jews, like other Oriental peoples, compute the day from sunset 
to sunset. The Sabbath, therefore, begins at sunset on Friday and 
terminates at sunset on Saturday. 
It is inaugurated in the home by blessing and lighting of the can- 
dles by the mistress of the house, and in the synagogue by a special 
service. On returning from ‘lhe service, and before the evening 
meal, the head of the house fills a cup with wine, raises it in his right 
hand, and recites Genesis 11, 1-8, which relate the origin of the Sab- 
bath, and pronounces a benediction, over the wine, to God, who “ has 
sanctified the Sabbath.” For this reason the ceremony is called 
kiddush, 1. e., sanctification. He then drinks from the cup and hands 
it to the other persons at the table to partake of. Where no wine or 
other liquor is available, the #¢ddush is pronounced over two loaves 
of bread, which are laid on the table in memory, it is assumed, of the 
two portions of manna that were gathered in the wilderness on Fri- 
