BAILEY. | Salt and Salt Brines. 19 
As an illustration of the quality of the different brines the 
following analyses are given. The samples were taken directly 
from the storage tanks (analysis by E. H. S. Bailey and E. C. 
Case) : 
Wellington. Sterling, Hutchinson. 
Na@l (salt); cnc. s..c cece. 247 .270 293 . 760 286 .080 
LOR eters te: os ae eb ciel te beac .030 .025 .075 
WN Ol a cole Serene eee ree 684 966 1.190 
WAS OME teint cee Dk eink 5.464 5.185 5.404 
(CR Ol sy aig ds akcekots or Reece ak i eee es aA, Sa AT 320 
INA SOR ee cinta mts tann bt 028 MOO pene sen: 
H,O (by difference) .......... 746.524 799.358 706.931 
1000 .000 1000 .000 1000. 000 
THE GRAINER PROCKSS. 
This is an American system, and was devised for the purpose 
of producing salt cheaply from comparatively weak brines. By 
combining the lumber and salt industries the manufacturers 
were able to utilize the exhaust steam from the sawmills during 
the day and use direct steam at night for evaporating the brines. 
In this process the brine is heated in the ‘‘settler’’ and then 
drawn off into the various evaporating pans, which are heated 
by steam-pipes running backwards and forwards across the bot- 
tom of the pans. The less soluble impurities, especially the 
gypsum, collect on the hottest part of the steam-pipes. This 
coating may be removed from time to time, after the mother- 
liquor has been drawn off, by turning steam into the pipes, thus 
causing them to expand so that the scales can be broken off. 
The process of making salt is a continuous one. New brine 
is added, and the salt is raked out as often as necessary, and is 
deposited upon the platform at the side of the pan to drain. 
_ A single example of a commercial brine and of the salt manu- 
factured from it will suffice : 
1000 parts Per cent. com- 
of brine. position of salt. 
Sodmimuchloride-n nese eee: Se bop eis oc Oe 264.780 98.23 
Insoluble residue ............... 9G6008.0000 000k .050 OL 
@alciumysuliate ws 0 ier 2 pe cose oh ees cole 6.009 1.68 
Maonesiummchlorideesaeeere err eecere eee 1.200 .08 
@alciumpchloridkas ss. ot ane ie oe cai. SOOO aurea ies 
ROMEO RIG eee fee otis la wei eae Sora #1 O15 0) Se SMe eee 
VWWidbO tre arisictys. 6 FR Sa? Bi see MAPA aon ip Misra ako (ROS ae dats Ee 
Ot alee eae de me he CNL 1000 .000 100.00 
