88 University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
precipitate. The filtrate contains the sodium carbonate, which 
may be estimated by the ordinary alkalimetric methods. 
The amount to be used for the estimation of Chlorin depends 
upon the quantity of chlorids in the water. For ordinary 
waters from 200 cc. to 500 cc. is sufficient, and, in the latter 
case, it is advisable to concentrate the water by boiling, first 
making the water exactly neutral by sodium carbonate, in case 
it has an acid reaction. Determine the chlorin by titration with 
a standard solution of silver nitrate, observing that the water 
should be made exactly neutral before titration. | 
In the estimation of Lithium, the method suggested by Gooch 
was followed.” ‘To the concentrated solution of the weighed 
chlorids of sodium, potassium and lthium amyl alcohol was 
added, and heat applied gradually, until steady boiling was ef- 
fected (about 270° IF.) This precipitates the potassium and 
sodium chlorids, and dissolves the lithium chlorid. To the 
cooled liquid two drops of strong hydrochloric acid were then © 
added, and the boiling repeated. The solution was allowed to 
settle, and decanted through a filter, and the filtrate measured. 
The residue was washed with dehydrated amyl alcohol, and the 
washings added to the filtrate after measurement of the former. 
The filtrate and washings were evaporated in a platinum cruci- 
ble to dryness, converted to sulphate, heated to fusion, cooled, 
and weighed. From this weight was subtracted for each ten 
cubic centimeters of the filtrate .0005, .0006 or .0010 grams, ac- 
cording as only sodium chlorid, potassium chlorid, or both, 
were present in the amyl alcohol filtrate. The presence of 
lithium in the sulfate residue was in each case confirmed by 
the spectroscope. Special evaporations of at least a liter of the 
waters were made for the lithium determinations. 
For the determination of Bariwm and Strontium, the follow- 
ing method has been found to be very satisfactory : * 
‘‘Hvaporate from five to fifteen liters of the water nearly to 
dryness, filter, and wash. The residue will contain barium and 
strontium as carbonates and sulfates, and the filtrate may be 
32. See Leffmann and Beam’s ‘‘Examination of Water for Sanitary and Technical Purposes.’’ 
33. Condensed from Cairns’s Quantitative Analysis, pages 296-298. 
