Squatina nebulosa Regan 
** Karozame ” 
PL. Vill, fig, 3. ۰ % 
This species closely allied ta S. japonica Bleeker, 
but differs from it in shape of pectoral fin, oxter 
angle of tnis being a greatly obtuse angle, and 
Spiracl2 being situated very clos» to eye. Body 
pale brown above, very profusely sprinkled with 
small black and white spots. 
Rhinobatus schlegeli Müller & Henle 
٠ Sakatazame ” 
PL. VIII, fig. 4. * 0c 
Length of body equal to 4% times distance 
from tip of snout to spiracle and 3 % times of width 
of dise; length of snout 7 times width of space 
between nostrils, and 7 times diameter of eye, 
Body elongated and greatly depressed. Head 
and dise greatly expanded ` snout produced, termi- 
nating in a sharp narrow point. Teeth small 
and paved. Spiracles large; gill openings small 
end ventral. Dorsal fins large; first dorsal fin 
nearer to end than to origin of ventral fin; 
peciorals very broad, their widest portion at 
beginning of posterior third of disk; caudal broad 
and depressed; sides of tail each with a strong 
lateral keel. Reddish-brown above, paler below. 
This species attains a length of 1 metre, frequent- 
ing coasts of Southern Japan. Viviparous, the 
young being brought forth in the later spring. 
This fish tasty. 
Rhynchobatus djiddensis (Forskäl) 
“Tongari " 
PL. VIII, fig. 5. x 
Saot produced and pointed at tip; distance 
between mouth and end of snout equal to from 
one-fourth to one-fifth of entire length, excluding 
caudal fin; dise broad posteriorly, its width being 
equal to 3/, of its length. Spiracle is close behind 
eye. First dorsal fin opposite to ventral fin; 
second dorsal begins opposite extremity of first 
dorsal fin. Lateral keel begins a little above 
termination of ventral fins. Body grey above 
with white spots; a black spot present at root 
of ventral fins. 
Pristiophorus japonicus Günther 
“ Nokogirizame '* 
IL. VIO, fig. 1 ½ 
Length of body about equal to 3 times that of 
head, and 3*/, times the length from tip of snont to 
eye; length of head 4% times that of its greatest 
width, and 8 % times that of inter-prbital space, 
Body elonzated , snout produced in a long, flat 
blade, with sharp, saw-like teeth on each side; a 
pair of barbels below snout. Mouth situated below 
and behind eye, teeth small, pointed and arranged 
in many rows in jaws. Spiracle very large, 
Origin of first dorsal fin nearer to tip of caudal 
fin than to tip of snout, and nearer to origin of 
ventral than to second dorsal fin. A lateral keel 
lies along each side of tail from ventral fins of 
caudal, 
Colour pale grey-brown above and white below. 
This species attains a length of 1.5 metres. It 
frequents the coasts of Japan throughout, being 
especially abundant in southern regions, lts flesh 
is considered a table delicacy. 
Squatina japonica Bleeker 
asu ame“ 
PL. VIII, fig. 2. * 7 
Length of body equal to 5 times that of head; 
length of head 1% times that of space between 
spiracles and 2% times width of inter-orbital space. 
Body very broad and flattened, its length being 
equal to 1°/, times of width of dise. Head also 
very broad and flattened. Jaws with about three 
rows of sharp and pointed teeth. 
Dorsal side of body very rough, especially so along 
edges of dorsal and caudal. Spiracle very distant 
from eye. Both dorsal fins very small, first dorsal 
just behind tips of ventral fins; pectoral fins very 
large, expanded horizontally, their outer angles 
being a little greater than a right angle, and 
their basas, extended forward, giving body form 
of a flattened dise of rays; the anterior extension 
being separated from neck by a notch, in which 
the gill openings are situated on lateral side of 
body. Colour brown above, marked with very 
numerous, small, dark spots, This fish attains a 
length of 2 metres, Found in Southern Japan. 
This species is viviparo<s, bringing forth about 
twenty young at a birth in the later spring or 
summer. 
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