Narke japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) 
“ Sibire-ai ۳ 
PL, IX, fig. 4. * 59 
Width of dise cqual to about 1*/, times its 
length, and somewhat wider than length of tail ; 
length of snout equal to space between spiracles. 
Dise roundish, head broadly rounded anteriorly, 
Eye very small, situated at anterior margin of 
large spiracle ; nostrils large, rathe: clos» together, 
with a large median flap between them. Mouth 
small and lips very thick; teeth of jaws small, 
flat and paved, Body without any tubercles or 
prickles, but with many pores, these being especial- 
ly abundant along outer portion of pectoral fin. 
Tail broad and depressed, a broad lateral fold 
running along either side, There is a comparative- 
ly large dorsal fin. 
Body blackish-brown above with a few irrezular 
black spots; lower surface pale brown, without 
spots, Attains a length of 400 mm, This species 
is of rather common occurence in southern Japan. 
There is a pair of large electric organs between 
the pectoral fins and head. 
Dasyatis akajei (Müller & Henle) 
" Aka-ei ” 
PL. IX, fig. 5. * 75 
Dise broadly oval, its widest portion being about 
% of its length. Snout silghtly produced and 
blunt; teeth flat and paved. An area posterior 
to and between the eyes has a patch of callosity. 
Row of spines in median line of dise extending to 
anterior part of tail, and continuous with large 
caudal spine. Tail long, slender and whip-like, 
much longer than dise. No eandal or dorsal fins. 
Body dark-brown above, an1 lower surface light 
orange red, Length 1 metre ; common along coasts 
of Japan, especially abundant in səndy bays of 
southern Japan.  Viviparous, young being born 
alive in July and August. 
The fish is much dreaded by fishermen, on 
account of the poison which it injeets into wounds 
inflicted with its caudal spine. 
Myliobatis tobijei Bleeker 
“ Tobi-ei ” 
PL, IX, fie. 6, x T/s 
Length of body equal to 3 times that of head, 
width of dise more than 1'/, times that of snout; 
length of head 2 times that of snout. Dise rhom- 
bie, and its outer angles acute ; cephalie fins form- 
ing a soft, convex appendage in front of snout. 
Head produced, thick and rounded above: eye 
small and lateral. Jaws equal; teeth very large, 
few in number, flat and tessellated. Dorsal fin 
very small, inserted behind ventral fins: there is 
a compressed and serrated spine directly behind 
dorsal fin; tail very long and filemantous. Colour 
dark brown above, whitish below. 
Body 1 metre in length. It is rather common 
on coast of southern Japan; is oviparous. 
Raja kenojei Miiller & Henle 
rm Gangi-ei ” 
PL TK; He I. ** 1 
Width of dise equal to 1% times its length; 
length of snout equal to 1% times inter-orbital 
width, and to 1% times width of mouth. Body 
rhomboid in shape, width of dise longer than its 
length, angle of dise about opposite centre of its 
length, Snout narrowly prolueed. Anterior margin 
of dise is slightly undulated. Teeth of jaws small, 
rhomboidal, paved, and arranged in about 45 rows 
in upper jaw, Nostrils large, broadly separated, 
end confluent with corners of mouth in a deep 
groove, Spiracle oval and very large, but a little 
smaller than eye, being situated directly behind 
latter. Gill openings very small and their width 
narrower than diameter of spiracle. Inner mar- 
gins of eyes each with about five pungent spines ; 
a large spine at centre of dise in front and 5 
irregular rows of spines on back of tail, kut only 
1 of these developed in the young, Two dorsal 
fins separated, and the second confluent with small 
eaudal. Body brown above, white below; upper 
surface of dise marked with many small black 
spots; at base of pectoral fins there are two large 
light brown blotches surrounded by a black line; 
there are nine indistinct blackish eross-bands on 
upper surface of tail, Attains a length of 600 
mm. This species very common in Japan, and 
oviparous in habit, egg capsules being rectangular, 
with corners prolonged in filament to attach to the 
sea-weeds. Spawns in shallow waters in Spring 
and lays more than 6 egys at a time. 
Mobula japonica (Miiller & Henle) 
" Itomaki-ei ** 
PL. IX, fig. 2. Ya 
Width of disc equal to about 1 / its length; 
length of tail about 3 times that of dise. Dise 
very broad and its angles acute; head free from 
pectoral fin end truncated in front, with a large 
cephalie fin on each side, which is of the shape of a 
horn direeted forward. Teeth in both jaws very 
small, with obtuse tubercles. Tail very slender, 
and whip-like with a dorsal fin between ventrals ; 
on each side of tail there is a series of small, 
white tubereles. Length attains to 2 metres, not 
common In Japanese waters. 
Pteroplatea japonica Temminck & Schlegel 
“ Tubakuro-ei ” 
PL. IX, fig. 3. x 
Dise very broad, its width being equal to about 
twice its length. Body sub-rhomboid, its outer 
angles more or less acute; head very broad and 
snout very small. Jaws with tessellated teeth, 
Nostrils very large, with large flaps; spiracle also 
large, directly behind eye. Tail shorter than dise, 
without dorsal and caudal fins, and there is a 
rather small serrated spine on upper surface of 
tail in its one-third, Body brownish-blue above, 
whitish below ; tail with eight dark rings as broad 
as the interspaces. This species more or less com- 
mon on all coasts of Japan. 
v Et I 8 
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