Dorsal fin inserted between tip of snout and 
base of caudal fin; ventral insarted below anterior 
portion of dorsal. 
The fish occur only on the coast of Ryukyu Islands, 
attaining a length of 210 mm. 
Etrumeus micropus (Temminek & Schlegel) 
** Urume-iwasi ” 
PL. XI, fig. 5. x1 
D. 20; A. 11; V. 9; scales 59. 
Length of body equal to 4 to 4?/, times that 
of head and 6 to 6 ½½ times the depth of body; 
length of head 3'/, times that of snout and 3 
times diameter of eye. Body elongated and rather 
cylindrieal, abdomen rounded without serrature. 
Lateral line wanting; eyes large, covered with 
thick adipose eyelids. Mouth terminal; teeth 
minute, on jaws, vomer, palatines, pterygoids and 
tongue.  Dorsal fin entirely before ventrai fins 
and nearer to tip of snout than to base of caudal ; 
anal very small. Body dark-blue above, and silvery 
below. Reaches 300 mm. in length. 
Occurs very abundantly in southern Japan, being 
rather oceanic in habit. Occurs seldom in bays 
except in spawning season, which last from May 
to June, An economically important fish in Japan. 
Clupea pallasii Cuvier & Valenciennes 
“ Nisin " 
PL. XI, fig. 6. T 
D. 16; A. 14; seales 52. 
Length of body equal to 4% times that of head 
and 4 times the depth of body; length of head 4 
times that of snout and 2'/, to 3 times diameter 
of eye, Body elongate] compressed, ventral ser- 
ratures being weak. Eyes large, with adipose 
eyelid; mouth small, lower jaw projecting ` pre- 
maxillary without teeth, lower jaw with small, 
tongue and vomer with two series of small ones. 
Seales deciduous Ventral fin, inserted below middle 
cf dorsal fin, insertion of dorsal fin almost mid- 
way between tip of snont and base of caudal. 
Body bluish-dark above and silvery below. Attains 
a length of 350 mm. 
Occurs in northern Japan so very abundantly, 
that it stands first in amount of catch in fishery 
statistics of Japan. Breeds in April to June, on 
west coast of Saghalien and Hokkaido, and also 
found abundantly on east eoast of Korea. Eggs 
heavy, adhesive, sticking firmly to Sargassum or 
other seaweeds. 
Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel 
** Katakuti "' 
PL. XI, fig. 7. x1 
D. 14; A. 18; V. 1; seales 42. 
Length of body equal to 4 times that of head 
and 7 times the depth of dody ; length of head 5 
times that of snout and about 4 times diameter 
of eye. Body slender, elongated and somewhat 
eylindrical; belly rounded, without seutes, mouth 
large subinferior, snout projected, overlapping 
lower jaw; maxillary very long, extending for 
backward behind eye. Jaws with small teeth; a 
toothed ridge on middle line of tongue. Scales 
large, thin and deeiduous. Insertion of dorsal fin 
just midway between tip of snout and base of 
caudal fin ; ventral small, inserted somewhat below 
insertion of dorsal. Colour dusky-blue above, 
white below. Average length 130 mm. Occurs 
abundantly throughout Japan, and is one of the 
most important articles of food in this country. 
Pelagie in habit, spawning season lasting from 
March to June, egg has eracks on surface of yolk. 
Sardinella zunasi (Bleeker) 
** Sappa "' 
PL. XI, fig. 1. x1 
D. 17; A. 19; V. 8; scales 40 to 44. 
Length of body equal to 5 times that of head, 
end about 4 times the depth of body; length of 
head 4 times that of snout and 2% times diameter 
of ee. Body deep, rather eval, and much com- 
pressed, coverd with large and firm scales; belly 
extraordinarily compressed, its margin having very 
sharp and strong scutes. Head rather small; 
mouth small sub-vertieal, lower jaw projecting 
beyond the upper. Eye rather large; adipose 
eyelid obsolete, Lateral line absent. Ventral fin 
inserted onder middle of dorsal. 
Body darkish-blue above, and white below. This 
species is rather common in the shallow waters of 
southern Japan, attaining a length of 200 mm. 
Spawning season from April to May. 
Sardinia melanosticta (Temminck & Schlegel) 
“ Maiwasi ” 
PL. XI, fig. 2. x1 
D. 16 to 17; A. 17; V. 8; scales 45. 
Length of body equal to 4*/, to 4'/, times that 
of head and 6 to 7 times the depth of body ; length 
of head 4½ times that of snout and 5 times diameter 
of eye. Body elongated and fairly compressed ; 
belly rounded, with weak ventral scutes. Eye 
covered by thick adipose eyelid; mouth small, 
lower jaw projecting; no tezth except on tongue 
which has very small ones. Body covered with 
thin, deciduous ctenoid scales. Ventral fins inserted 
under middle of dorsal fin; origin of dorsal nearer 
to tip of snout than to base of caudal; base of 
anal longer than that of dorsal. Body darkish- 
blue above, side and belly silvery white; a row of 
bluish-black spots are arranged more or less dis- 
tinctly along sides. Maximum length 240 mm. 
Distributed from Hokkaido to Loochoo Islands, 
especialy abundunt in Nagasaki, Tiba, Mie, 
Ehime and Kagosima Prefectures. 
The species is a pelagic fish, spawning from 
January to May at surface of inland bays; of very 
great economie importance both as a food and a 
fertiliser, 
Sardinella mizun (Kishinouye) 
** Mizun ” 
PL. XI, fig. 3. x1 
D. 19; A. 18; V. 8; scales 46. 
Length of body equal to 5 times that of head 
and also that of depth of body; length of head 3 '/s 
times diameter of eye. Body somewhat deep, com- 
pressed; belly extraordinarily compressed, covered 
with sharp scutes. Seales rather firm, not decidu- 
ous. Lower jaw projecting beyond upper; there 
are no teeth except on tongue. Eyes with adipose 
eyelid. Insertion of dorsal fin nearer to tip of 
snout than to base of caudal; ventral beginning 
under midd le of base of dorsal. It inhabits the 
eoast of Ryukyu Islands, attaining a length of 
150 mm. 
Sardinia okinawensis (Kishinouye) 
** Yamato-mizun ” 
PL. XI, fig. 4. x1 
D. 19; A, 18; V. 8; seales 43. 
Length of body equal to about 5 times that of 
head and 5 ½ times the depth of body ` length of 
head 3?/, times diameter of eye. Body elongated 
and sub-eylindrieal ; belly rounded with scutes not 
very sharp. Eye covered by adipose eyelid. Teeth 
small in lower jaw, and on palatines and tongue, 
which are absent on vomer, 
مت ۲2 4 ار ارو 
Etrumeus micropus (Temminck & Schlezel)‏ 
Git- "nii 1‏ 
D. 20; A. 11; V. 9; scales 59, 
noe ue D 4 47928 و42‎ HE, E رخ‎ O 6 7336 6 ۴ 
HU. 12۳016 3 ½ Act, RED 3 ff O. ۴ 
EL, Hunger). BBE per. fa L HN C 
REKE €. HBA RAT. ۱ ۱4 نك‎ MICH) + 
Hiba 4, HE, m. ORE, It ROR ESF ch 
b. WHIM KO b CHIME OT, ERAN D 
tle L. dE) 5. ECCE RET Cs DO 
A. o£ Eo. NK 300 FEITÍEF. mi Hoc 
445, AREA LN O AM OPEP CEN 8 
(CX. TENA EA 517712553٠ 
= y Y 
Clupea pallasii Cuvier & Valenciennes 
(第 十 一 图 版 第 大 图 ) xl 
D. 16; A. 14; scales 52. 
mda geo 4۱/۰ r, RO 4440. ۲11۵ 
Am. No 2 % IVE SHY. ASME U, IK 
IO Fe 1 O. le K LN H l HO. maid 
a Fe. WERT IC N , F 4 
WS, FEREMPIC 2310888 0. BEL 
L. Ba TED det T EAR i & , EU & 
OH ec E . APRA IC LCE GRA 
(ty O EEK. 250 FECT. ASH ION KD N 
FEROS E L. AEN H ۶ kurt, PE 
Bg WESA نادند مات زر که 6 عل‎ PEO ite 
fele TIENT. HE HEF RK ۵ Okhotsk fic HHT 
4 «kim ERTED D ACE BE I ع‎ KIC pl EL, 8 
4412 Okhotsk êle NET 4 FER Tr A BE UE 
a OB o pude ic TEE LT RENT. DR HE L 
TEC. 
> سم ا ف‎ 
Engraulis japonicus Temminck & Schlegel 
(第 士 一 图 版 第 七 图 ) 1 
D. 14: A. 18; V. 7; seales 42. 
MRA ED 445, Man TEO. M REED 
5 با‎ RED 4۲۶ D. WAER L, MRS, ۶ 
ICL, HERE, TEAL. HAK FML 
اج رشاع‎ Lc FER Elle 0. FE EFE HEZEK S IRD 
PRPC). Mle HD O. logic 
ite. MARS, Mae LUTHER Lh L- 
Verve RER Dick. Dh 
&c, HOM ERE EER o ARICA. 体 色 背部 
(het یک با تا سا‎ b. ۵ 00۱-۷۵ Rê REE 
013۲ 9 . 8 13016 KET. RUDA SET 
NA, 兵 库 , HO L. RMA GA 
PORES boo=k مه‎ SAL 0 -1[[ ۱۱۱۲ ۰ 
Ff AL ND D KHE T. ARO Alb 
11۲ رلك‎ I K IE HET 53:560) ما ا‎ LAL, xo 
الا‎ Le bO Cc fe ال‎ ET, K MON 
ار‎ L FEE] BRE S H. CHL, (TH U XX 
fecha o. 
R E . 
Sardinella zunasi (Bleeker) 
〈 第 十 -一 图 版 ”第 一 图 ) 1 
D. 17; A, 19; V. 8; scales 40 to 44. 
t I ME 5 i, EEO 4 ff h. MAME 7 
4m, Miet 2 ½ min. Me, WIC LC Ill 
Bun. REE Ic عند‎ 9. E REFL COM ML 
MACS N L II T. TRS >, ۲۱۱۵ ۷۱ LCF 
AE HU EK K L, FRAMED. LI سآ‎ AHA 
EIN > . III RZ , N ANA IF AH FCK BO. fio 
(Gir MIL, FH EIL. KE 200 ۴6۱-3۶9۰ 11 
KORKE SL. M, LEA 010 + 
> اد‎ Ux 
Sardinia melanostieta (Temminck & Schlegel) 
〈 第 十 一 图 版 ”第 二 图 ) x1 
D. 16 to 17; A. 17; V. 8; seales 45. 
BESTEN 4% iE 4 و‎ REED 644% 74% 
kD. EHMED 4% dk, Mut 5 ff 0. foli AERE 
L, gur LT HHH C, FE BREE gg 
BD. MABSMR 1614 2۰ ۲۱۵/۵ CF alt 
REHT. MRELTIDOS V. HHN HE /e H 
EINE LL SH L HEGE TREO PIE FIC 
b, Tif DI EREK I V ا ارا‎ UL. Wout 
ZER DEL. ërem LT ۲ 
A h. EMC REIR NE AL 
Tihs b. AE X ER RU TH k VIGE 
Sp fT ae DAME, RN H. BH, np De 
AET. WHE 240 PETET. 本 EER EFM UR BO 
EEE وو را‎ h. tt DEP CE او‎ 
CAVES. FEI | تزاح نظ‎ TN ETC 
AHORA. l 
5 x z 
Sardinella mizun (Kishinouye) 
第 十 一 图 版 ”第 三 图 ) x1 
D. 19; A. 18; V. 8; scales 46. 
MHA de KER MOSS ۸3 7۶ ۲۰ Sn EI EOD 
3 ½ NK . fmi. BL, Rut CN SL 
0 ۵ ۶8 75-3 . REM RRL ui,G2 TASK 
Th bent. GELD. Ur While L. 
FREED e MEAE کار ذا د‎ J A KE EEO 
1 F EA B. RE 150 REICHEL, MERCHET. 
TES XK 
Sardinia okinawensis (Kishinouye) 
Gurk PN) x1 
D. 19; A. 18; V. 8; scales 43. 
A HRO f 5 ,جنا‎ HO 5 ½ e 0. GLEN ME 
G 3% INK h. RAEE L, Pic LC e, 
e Mes A PR, OED A a 
Jug ds b AS 
N BD. MARI RE brén, f K ff 
CEL, DORIC. 
